Influencia del régimen en el comportamiento operacional del proceso de soldadura GMAW
Fecha
2019
Autores
Mora Díaz, Luis Alberto
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Editor
Universidad Central ``Marta Abreu`` de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Departamento de Ingeniería Macánica
Resumen
En la presente investigación se realizó un estudio del comportamiento operacional del proceso de soldadura GMAW. Para su realización se utilizaron varios métodos y técnicas enfocados principalmente en el análisis documental para la recogida de la información sobre el contenido abordado. En el mismo se estudió teóricamente el efecto de los parámetros del régimen de soldadura en la geometría de la costura, así como en la razón de depósito y la eficiencia del proceso GMAW. Se estudiaron además experiencias que relacionan los modos de transferencia metálica y los parámetros de consumo. Se realizó una recopilación de estudios sobre las señales de corriente y voltaje del arco, para cada modo de transferencia metálica. Basado en lo anterior se diseña un plan experimental como base para un estudio futuro que permita determinar los parámetros de consumo y diferentes modos de transferencia del proceso, utilizando como variables de entrada la corriente de soldadura, el diámetro del electrodo y la composición del gas protector. Para tal caso se propuso utilizar un electrodo clasificado por la AWS como ER 70S-6, variando el diámetro en 0,8 y 1,2 mm. Para las muestras de ensayo se seleccionó una chapa de material ASTM A 36, de dimensiones 300 mm x 80 x 8 mm, sobre la cual se depositarán los cordones de soldadura en posición plana. Fue determinado el régimen de soldadura para cada punto experimental.
In the research, a study of the operational behavior of the GMAW welding process was carried out. With this objective, several methods and techniques were used, mainly focused on the documentary analysis for the information collection on the content addressed. The welding regime parameters effect on the geometry of the weld, as well as the deposition ratio and the efficiency of the GMAW process were theoretically studied. Experiences, that relate the metallic transfer modes and the consumption parameters, were also studied. A compilation of studies on the arc current and voltage signals, for each metallic transfer mode, was made. On that basis, an experimental plan was designed, as the basis for a future study that allows to determine the consumption parameters and different modes of process transfer, using the welding current, the diameter of the electrode and the composition of the shielding gas as input variables. For such case an electrode classified by the AWS as ER 70S-6 was proposed, varying the diameter in 0,8 and 1,2 mm. For the specimen, a sheet of ASTM A 36 material of dimensions 300 mm x 80 x 8 mm was selected, on which the welds will be deposited in a flat position. The welding regime for each experimental point was determined.
In the research, a study of the operational behavior of the GMAW welding process was carried out. With this objective, several methods and techniques were used, mainly focused on the documentary analysis for the information collection on the content addressed. The welding regime parameters effect on the geometry of the weld, as well as the deposition ratio and the efficiency of the GMAW process were theoretically studied. Experiences, that relate the metallic transfer modes and the consumption parameters, were also studied. A compilation of studies on the arc current and voltage signals, for each metallic transfer mode, was made. On that basis, an experimental plan was designed, as the basis for a future study that allows to determine the consumption parameters and different modes of process transfer, using the welding current, the diameter of the electrode and the composition of the shielding gas as input variables. For such case an electrode classified by the AWS as ER 70S-6 was proposed, varying the diameter in 0,8 and 1,2 mm. For the specimen, a sheet of ASTM A 36 material of dimensions 300 mm x 80 x 8 mm was selected, on which the welds will be deposited in a flat position. The welding regime for each experimental point was determined.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Proceso GMAW, Transferencia Metálica, Procesos de Soldadura, Soldadura Eléctrica, Consumo