Identificación de sistemas estructurales a partir de pruebas modales
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Solano Guerra, Abdel
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Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Ingeniería Civil
Resumen
Se presentan métodos para identificar los sistemas dinámicos estructurales lineales, a través de su espectro de frecuencias y períodos de los modos componentes, amortiguamientos y formas principales de oscilaciones, basado en el procesamiento digital de señales provenientes de ensayos modales en los que se mide la respuesta en el tiempo del sistema, por lo que se utiliza el Análisis Modal Operacional (OMA), con diversas fuentes de excitación.
Así mismo, se define en detalle, la forma de emplear algún software existente para dicho procesamiento (MatLab), la cual se corresponde con los métodos reconocidos en el Capítulo 2.
Al final, se presenta la aplicación de estas herramientas en un caso de estudio de un puente, en este caso el puente de Boca de Jaruco, ubicado en el km 40 de la vía Blanca en Mayabeque; donde las mediciones efectuadas se han realizado con el georadar IBIS de la ENIA Nacional, como señales digitales tiempo-historia de velocidad de oscilación vs tiempo. Las mismas se procesan con herramientas diferentes (Toolbox de MatLab y el propio software incorporado al georadar IBIS) y se comparan los resultados obtenidos de dicho procesamiento.
Se arriban a conclusiones y recomendaciones acerca de los métodos empleados y las vías para la obtención de los resultados que se presentan.
Methods are presented to identify linear structural dynamic systems, through their spectrum and periods components modes, damping and main forms of oscillations based on the digital processing of signals from modal assays in which the response in time of the system is measured, so the Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) is used, with different excitation sources. Likewise, it defined in detail, how to use some existing software for that processing (MatLab), which corresponds to the recognized methods in Chapter 2. At the end, the application of these tools in a case study of a bridge is presented, in this case the bridge of Boca de Jaruco, located at km 40 of the White pathway in Mayabeque; where measurements have been made with the IBIS Georadar of ENIA, as digital time-history signals of swing speed vs. time. Those signals are processed with different tools (Toolbox of MatLab, and the software incorporated by IBIS GPR) and the results of such processing are compared. Conclusions and recommendations on the methods and ways to obtain the results are presented.
Methods are presented to identify linear structural dynamic systems, through their spectrum and periods components modes, damping and main forms of oscillations based on the digital processing of signals from modal assays in which the response in time of the system is measured, so the Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) is used, with different excitation sources. Likewise, it defined in detail, how to use some existing software for that processing (MatLab), which corresponds to the recognized methods in Chapter 2. At the end, the application of these tools in a case study of a bridge is presented, in this case the bridge of Boca de Jaruco, located at km 40 of the White pathway in Mayabeque; where measurements have been made with the IBIS Georadar of ENIA, as digital time-history signals of swing speed vs. time. Those signals are processed with different tools (Toolbox of MatLab, and the software incorporated by IBIS GPR) and the results of such processing are compared. Conclusions and recommendations on the methods and ways to obtain the results are presented.