Estudio de sensibilidad de las condiciones de operación para cálculos exergéticos en el proceso de Producción de Hidrógeno por Reformación con Vapor
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Fecha
2006-06-25
Autores
González Galvez, Mey-Ling
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
El presente trabajo esta encaminado a realizar un balance exergético para cuantificar su magnitud en el proceso de reformación de Bioetanol para la producción de Hidrógeno con un catalizador de Níquel/Alúmina, con el objetivo de utilizar el mismo en la generación de energía eléctrica a partir de celdas combustibles.
Primeramente se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica sobre el tema, con el propósito de obtener un fundamento teórico que permitiera elegir las condiciones de operación más apropiada para desarrollar la operación (reformación por vapor) y fundamentar el uso de propiedades termodinámicas para la evaluación del mismo.
Posteriormente se procedió a analizar desde el punto de vista termodinámico la influencia de las diferentes variables de operación (temperatura, presión y relación de alimentación agua-etanol) en los rendimientos de hidrógeno para la reformación con vapor y se determinó la composición en equilibrio mediante el método de la “Minimización de la Energía de Gibbs”.
Por último se realizó el cálculo de las exergías químicas y físicas de cada uno de las corrientes que entran y salen del proceso así como la eficiencia exergética, las irreversibilidades y las pérdidas de la exergía bajo diferentes condiciones de operación para determinar la influencia de la temperatura, presión y relación de alimentación en los cálculos antes mencionados.
The present work this guided to carry out an exergetic balance to quantify their magnitude in the process of Bioetanol Reformation for the production of Hydrogen with a catalyst of Niquel/Aluminum, with the objective of using the same one in the electric power generation starting from combustible cells. Firstly we were carried out a search bibliographical revision on the topic, with the purpose of obtaining a theoretical fundamentation that allowed choose the most appropriate operation conditions to develop the operation (Steam Reformation) and to base the use of thermodynamic properties for the evaluation of the same one. Later on you proceeded to analyze from the thermodynamic point of view the influence of the different operation variables (temperature, pressure and relationship of feeding water-ethanol) in the yields of hydrogen for the steam reformation and the composition was determined in balance by means of the method of the "Minimization of the Energy of Gibbs." Lastly we were carried out the calculation of the chemical and physical exergies of each one of the currents that entered and leaved the process as well as the exergetic efficiency, the irreversibilities and the losses of the exergy under different operation conditions to determine the influence of the temperature, pressure and feeding relationship in the calculations before mentioned.
The present work this guided to carry out an exergetic balance to quantify their magnitude in the process of Bioetanol Reformation for the production of Hydrogen with a catalyst of Niquel/Aluminum, with the objective of using the same one in the electric power generation starting from combustible cells. Firstly we were carried out a search bibliographical revision on the topic, with the purpose of obtaining a theoretical fundamentation that allowed choose the most appropriate operation conditions to develop the operation (Steam Reformation) and to base the use of thermodynamic properties for the evaluation of the same one. Later on you proceeded to analyze from the thermodynamic point of view the influence of the different operation variables (temperature, pressure and relationship of feeding water-ethanol) in the yields of hydrogen for the steam reformation and the composition was determined in balance by means of the method of the "Minimization of the Energy of Gibbs." Lastly we were carried out the calculation of the chemical and physical exergies of each one of the currents that entered and leaved the process as well as the exergetic efficiency, the irreversibilities and the losses of the exergy under different operation conditions to determine the influence of the temperature, pressure and feeding relationship in the calculations before mentioned.
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Palabras clave
Reformación con Vapor, Equilibrio, Exergía