Diseño geotécnico de cimentaciones superficiales en bases no homogéneas con presencia de estratos débiles
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López Valdivia, Daidé
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Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de las Villas
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Debido al avance existente en la rama de la construcción en Cuba y al desarrollo progresivo del turismo en el país actualmente, se comenzaron a realizar construcciones con fines turísticos, principalmente en zonas de costa, las que se caracterizan por la presencia de suelos predominantemente friccionales. Estos suelos pueden estar compuestos por varios estratos con diferentes propiedades, entre ellas por estratos débiles, de donde surge la problemática de cómo influirá la presencia de un estrato débil en el diseño geotécnico de cimentaciones superficiales, tanto aisladas como corridas.
Se realizan varios análisis para diferentes casos de estudio a partir de la hoja de cálculo MathCAD 14.0, teniendo como estratos débiles la turba o el cieno, para ver el comportamiento del suelo por capacidad de carga y por deformación en suelos no homogéneos. Además, se plantean casos de estudio donde existe un estrato de roca que limita la potencia activa, que permiten observar los cambios deformacionales del suelo.
Para ver la validez de las hojas de cálculos implementadas para el diseño de cimentaciones aisladas y corridas a partir de la Norma Cubana, se dió solución a dos casos de estudio que son obras reales, de las cuales se recopilaron los informes ingeniero-geológicos y demás datos necesarios para realizar el diseño geotécnico de las cimentaciones.
Due to the progress made in the construction branch in Cuba and the progressive development of tourism in the country at present, construction was begun for tourism purposes, mainly in coastal areas, which are characterized by the presence of predominantly frictional soils. These soils may be composed of several strata with different properties, including weak strata, from which the problem of how the presence of a weak stratum will influence the geotechnical design of surface foundations, both isolated and run. Several analyzes are carried out for different study cases from the MathCAD 14.0 spreadsheet, with peat or silt as weak strata, to see the behavior of the soil by loading capacity and deformation in inhomogeneous soils. In addition, case studies are presented where there is a stratum of rock that limits the active power, which allows to observe the deformational changes of the soil. To see the validity of the spreadsheets implemented for the design of isolated and running foundations from the Cuban Standard, a solution will be given to two case studies that are real works, from which the geological- engineering reports and other data were collected necessary to carry out the geotechnical design of the foundations .
Due to the progress made in the construction branch in Cuba and the progressive development of tourism in the country at present, construction was begun for tourism purposes, mainly in coastal areas, which are characterized by the presence of predominantly frictional soils. These soils may be composed of several strata with different properties, including weak strata, from which the problem of how the presence of a weak stratum will influence the geotechnical design of surface foundations, both isolated and run. Several analyzes are carried out for different study cases from the MathCAD 14.0 spreadsheet, with peat or silt as weak strata, to see the behavior of the soil by loading capacity and deformation in inhomogeneous soils. In addition, case studies are presented where there is a stratum of rock that limits the active power, which allows to observe the deformational changes of the soil. To see the validity of the spreadsheets implemented for the design of isolated and running foundations from the Cuban Standard, a solution will be given to two case studies that are real works, from which the geological- engineering reports and other data were collected necessary to carry out the geotechnical design of the foundations .