Sistema de Gestión Total de Eficiencia Energética aplicado a la central eléctrica UEB Cayo Santa María y cálculo del ciclo del motor de combustión interna
Fecha
2015-07-20
Autores
Sotolongo Brito, Javier
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Centro de Estudios Energéticos y Tecnologías Ambientales (CEETA)
Resumen
En el presente trabajo se realizó un estudio del estado del arte de la Generación Distribuida (GD) a nivel mundial y en nuestro país, además de las diferentes tecnologías empleadas en la GD. Las principales tecnologías de generación distribuida son: las turbinas eólicas, los paneles y colectores solares, las biofuentes energéticas y los Motores de Combustión Interna (MCI). Se explican las principales características de los motores utilizados para generar energía eléctrica en Cuba y particularmente en la Central Eléctrica Cayo Santa María. Posteriormente se realiza un análisis de la eficiencia energética en dicha entidad, donde se deciden los principales equipos consumidores de energía, en este caso combustible, ya que la instalación es la encargada de suministrar energía eléctrica a toda la red hotelera de la cayería norte de Villa Clara. Luego se realizó el cálculo de un motor diésel sobrecargado mediante el software Matlab, el cual complementa una serie de cálculos realizados anteriormente para motores diésel y de gasolina. Como resultado del estudio realizado en la planta se concluyó que el fuel oil es el principal combustible empleado en la generación eléctrica, además los motores MAN generan la mayor parte de la energía demanda. También se brindan una serie de oportunidades de ahorro en la instalación para aumentar la eficiencia energética y con ello reducir los insumos de la entidad.
In this paper a study of the state of the art of distributed generation (DG) worldwide and in our country took place in addition to the different technologies used in the GD. The main distributed generation technologies are: wind turbines, solar panels and collectors, bio energy sources and Internal Combustion Engines (MCI). The main characteristics of the engines used to generate electricity in Cuba and particularly in the Central Electric Cayo Santa Maria are explained. Subsequently, an analysis of energy efficiency in the former entity is made, where the main energy consuming equipment are selected, in this case fuel, due the fact that the facility is responsible for supplying electricity to the hotel network throughout the northern keys of Villa Clara. Afterward the calculation of an overloaded diesel engine was made using the Matlab software, which complements a series of calculations previously made for diesel and gasoline. As a result of the study on the ground it was found that fuel oil is the main fuel used in electricity generation, plus that MAN engines generate most of the energy demand. A number of savings opportunities are also provided at the facility to increase energy efficiency and thereby reduce inputs of the entity.
In this paper a study of the state of the art of distributed generation (DG) worldwide and in our country took place in addition to the different technologies used in the GD. The main distributed generation technologies are: wind turbines, solar panels and collectors, bio energy sources and Internal Combustion Engines (MCI). The main characteristics of the engines used to generate electricity in Cuba and particularly in the Central Electric Cayo Santa Maria are explained. Subsequently, an analysis of energy efficiency in the former entity is made, where the main energy consuming equipment are selected, in this case fuel, due the fact that the facility is responsible for supplying electricity to the hotel network throughout the northern keys of Villa Clara. Afterward the calculation of an overloaded diesel engine was made using the Matlab software, which complements a series of calculations previously made for diesel and gasoline. As a result of the study on the ground it was found that fuel oil is the main fuel used in electricity generation, plus that MAN engines generate most of the energy demand. A number of savings opportunities are also provided at the facility to increase energy efficiency and thereby reduce inputs of the entity.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Recursos de Energía Distribuidos (DER), Revolución Energética - Cuba, Generación Distribuida (GD)