Estudio del comportamiento tenso-deformacional y de capacidad de carga en suelos parcialmente saturados, por métodos analíticos y modelación en bases de cimentaciones
Fecha
2017-07
Autores
de la Cruz Díaz, Meily
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Editor
Universidad Central ¨Marta Abreu¨ de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica.
Resumen
En la actualidad ha aumentado la necesidad de profundizar en el estudio de los suelos parcialmente saturados, empleando nuevas tecnologías que permiten el análisis del comportamiento geotécnico. En la investigación se realizó el estudio del comportamiento tenso-deformacional del suelo perteneciente al poblado Venezuela, en la provincia de Ciego de Ávila. Se realizaron ensayos de laboratorio con el propósito de caracterizar el suelo, siguiendo las especificaciones de las Normas Cubanas; a partir de los que se obtienen y simulan las curvas de compresibilidad en condiciones saturadas. Se utilizó el método del papel de filtro para la obtención de la curva característica, a partir de la cual se obtiene la curva de compresibilidad para cada succión y los coeficientes κ y λ pertenecientes a la zona de comportamiento elástico y plástico, que permite predecir el asentamiento que se produce. La simulación de las curvas de retención se realizará mediante los métodos empíricos de Van Genuchten (1980), Fredlund and Xing (1994) y Gallipoli (2003).
La modelación numérica empleando el Método de Elementos Finitos constituye una herramienta válida en la determinación de la capacidad de carga y los asentamientos, en la investigación se modela un cimiento superficial sometido a carga axial, describiéndose los factores que influyen en el diseño de cimentaciones apoyadas sobre suelos parcialmente saturados. Los resultados alcanzados posibilitan reformular el cálculo de la capacidad de carga y del comportamiento tenso-deformacional en cimientos sobre suelos en estado parcial de saturación, analizándose la influencia de la succión en el diseño de cimentaciones superficiales.
At present, the need of studying the unsaturated soils has increased, using new technologies that allow the analysis of their geotechnical behavior. In this research, the study of the tenso-deformational behavior of the soil placed in the Venezuela town in Province of Ciego de Ávila was carried out. Laboratory tests were carried out with the purpose of characterizing the soil, following the specifications of the Cuban Standards; from which the compressibility curves are obtained and simulated under saturated conditions. The filter paper method was used to obtain the characteristic curve, from which the compressibility curve for each suction was obtained, and the coefficients κ and λ belonging to the area of elastic and plastic behavior, allowing the prediction of the settlement that occurs in this type of soil. The simulation of the retention curves will be done using the empirical methods of Van Genuchten (1980), Fredlund and Xing (1994) and Gallipoli (2003). The numerical modeling using the Finite Element Method is a valid tool in the determination of the load capacity and the settlements in the foundations; in this investigation, a surface foundation subjected to axial load is modeled, describing the factors that influence the design of foundations supported on partially saturated soils. The obtained results allow to reformulate the calculation of the load capacity and the tenso-deformation behavior in foundations on soils in partial state of saturation, analyzing the influence of the suction in the design of superficial foundations.
At present, the need of studying the unsaturated soils has increased, using new technologies that allow the analysis of their geotechnical behavior. In this research, the study of the tenso-deformational behavior of the soil placed in the Venezuela town in Province of Ciego de Ávila was carried out. Laboratory tests were carried out with the purpose of characterizing the soil, following the specifications of the Cuban Standards; from which the compressibility curves are obtained and simulated under saturated conditions. The filter paper method was used to obtain the characteristic curve, from which the compressibility curve for each suction was obtained, and the coefficients κ and λ belonging to the area of elastic and plastic behavior, allowing the prediction of the settlement that occurs in this type of soil. The simulation of the retention curves will be done using the empirical methods of Van Genuchten (1980), Fredlund and Xing (1994) and Gallipoli (2003). The numerical modeling using the Finite Element Method is a valid tool in the determination of the load capacity and the settlements in the foundations; in this investigation, a surface foundation subjected to axial load is modeled, describing the factors that influence the design of foundations supported on partially saturated soils. The obtained results allow to reformulate the calculation of the load capacity and the tenso-deformation behavior in foundations on soils in partial state of saturation, analyzing the influence of the suction in the design of superficial foundations.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Succión, Suelos no saturados, Curva Característica, Unsaturated Soils, Characteristic Curve, Suction