Análisis de la cadena productiva para el hábitat local. Caso de estudio: Municipio Aguada de Pasajeros, Cienfuegos
Fecha
2018-06
Autores
Ballate Martínez, Lisandra
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Ingeniería Civil.
Resumen
En la mayoría de los municipios cubanos la producción de materiales de construcción se realiza sin considerar las distintas alternativas que permiten una mayor eficiencia en los procesos de la cadena productiva del hábitat local, desde el punto de vista técnicoproductivo, considerando enfoques más integrales, tanto económico, social y ambientalmente sostenible; que “transversalicen” ejes tan importantes como la equidad de género, población, medio ambiente y comunicación, dirigido a disminuir vulnerabilidades y elevar la calidad de vida de la población.
No en todos los casos se emplean las tecnologías más apropiadas a las condiciones específicas de los municipios y teniendo en cuenta sus potencialidades tanto endógenas como los factores exógenos, particularmente en la construcción de viviendas.
El presente Trabajo de Diploma tuvo como objetivo identificar y proponer acciones en cuanto al análisis de encadenamientos productivos para la mejora de la gestión y fortalecimiento de las capacidades de producción de materiales de construcción para el hábitat local en el municipio Aguada de Pasajeros.
En un primer momento se realiza un diagnóstico del hábitat en el municipio, identificando las fortalezas, barreras, y prestando gran atención a los cuellos de botella que se dan en la cadena. En un segundo momento, se analiza el Centro de Producción de Materiales de la Construcción, UEB Industria Aguada, como eslabón fundamental en los reglones de productos a suministrar para una vivienda y se procede a confeccionar el mapeo de la cadena productiva del hábitat local, y en específico la del bloque hueco de hormigón de 0.15 m. Finalmente se analizan las fases por las que transita una vivienda durante su construcción y se proponen recomendaciones para que sea más económica y duradera
In most of the Cuban municipalities the production of construction materials is done without considering the different alternatives that allow a greater efficiency in the processes of the productive chain of the local habitat, according to the technical-productive point of view, considering more integral approaches, both economically, socially and environmentally sustainable; that mainstream axes so important as the gender equity, population, environment and communication, in order to reduce vulnerabilities and improve the quality of life of the population. Not in all cases, the most appropriate technologies are used to the specific conditions of the municipalities and taking into account their potentials both endogenous and exogenous factors, particularly in the building of houses. The purpose of this paper was to identify and propose actions regarding to the analysis of productive linkages for the improvement of the management and strengthening of the production capacities of construction materials for the local habitat in the municipality of Aguada de Pasajeros. First of all, a diagnosis of the habitat in the municipality was done, in order to identify the strengths, barriers, and taking into consideration other problems that appear during the process. In a second moment, the Center for the Production of Construction Materials, UEB “Industria Aguada”, was analyzed as a main link in the items of products to be supplied to a house and then mapping of the productive chain of the local habitat was made and in specific the one of the hollow concrete block of 0.15 m. Finally, the phases through which a house faces during it construction are analyzed and recommendations are proposed to make it more economical and durable.
In most of the Cuban municipalities the production of construction materials is done without considering the different alternatives that allow a greater efficiency in the processes of the productive chain of the local habitat, according to the technical-productive point of view, considering more integral approaches, both economically, socially and environmentally sustainable; that mainstream axes so important as the gender equity, population, environment and communication, in order to reduce vulnerabilities and improve the quality of life of the population. Not in all cases, the most appropriate technologies are used to the specific conditions of the municipalities and taking into account their potentials both endogenous and exogenous factors, particularly in the building of houses. The purpose of this paper was to identify and propose actions regarding to the analysis of productive linkages for the improvement of the management and strengthening of the production capacities of construction materials for the local habitat in the municipality of Aguada de Pasajeros. First of all, a diagnosis of the habitat in the municipality was done, in order to identify the strengths, barriers, and taking into consideration other problems that appear during the process. In a second moment, the Center for the Production of Construction Materials, UEB “Industria Aguada”, was analyzed as a main link in the items of products to be supplied to a house and then mapping of the productive chain of the local habitat was made and in specific the one of the hollow concrete block of 0.15 m. Finally, the phases through which a house faces during it construction are analyzed and recommendations are proposed to make it more economical and durable.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Cadena productiva, Hábitat, Materiales de construcción, Productive chain, Habitat, Construction materials