Fundamentos para el diseño de un programa psicoeducativo, dirigido a mujeres con cáncer de mama
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Bartuste Marrero, Danay
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La investigación se realizó con el objetivo de elaborar los fundamentos para el diseño de un programa psicoeducativo, orientado al afrontamiento de mujeres con cáncer de mama en intervalo libre de enfermedad. Se llevó a cabo en el período comprendido entre febrero y mayo del 2014. La muestra quedó conformada por 7 psicólogos pertenecientes al Policlínico docente “Chiqui Gómez Lubián”. Además se seleccionaron 9 especialistas que participaron en la evaluación del concepto de Psicoeducación. Se asumió un enfoque mixto cuali-cuantitativo, con un estudio de tipo exploratorio- descriptivo que quedó estructurado en tres etapas. Se utilizó un sistema de métodos y técnicas que incluyen la entrevista y revisión de documentos. Además se emplearon dos cuestionarios, uno dirigido a profesionales de la consulta de Psicología del Policlínico “Chiqui Gómez Lubián” y un segundo cuestionario orientado a especialistas pertenecientes a la facultad de Psicología de la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Se realizó un análisis cualitativo de datos fundamentalmente complementándose con el análisis de frecuencia de los mismos. Los resultados obtenidos a partir del diagnóstico de necesidades evidenciaron la pertinencia de potenciar las habilidades de afrontamiento en estas pacientes para fomentar una mayor adaptación a la enfermedad. Como principal aporte de la investigación se ofrece una propuesta preliminar de un programa psicoeducativo, para mujeres con cáncer de mama en intervalo libre de enfermedad.
The investigation was carried out with the purpose to elaborate the setting for the design of a psychoeducative program directed to the process of coping of survivor women with breast cancer. The investigation was developed in the period comprehended between the months from February and May 2014. The sample was composed by 7 psychologists who are linked to “Chiqui Gómez Lubián” Teaching Policlinic and 9 specialists belonging to the Psychological Faculty of the Central University “Martha Abreu” of Las Villas. The lasts were consulted in order to evaluate a new concept of Psychoeducation. The mixed paradigm was assumed, with an exploratory-descriptive study that was structured in 3 stages. A system of methods and technics was used that include the observation, the interview and revision of documents, questionnaire directed to the professionals of the psychological consult of the centre, and a questionnaire for the specialists for the concept of psychoeducation. It was carried out a qualitative analysis of data, complementing it with the analysis of frequencies and per cent. The obtained results derived from the diagnostic of needs showed the pertinence of boosting the abilities of coping in the survivor patients, in order to promote the adaptation to illness. As the principal contribution of the investigation the setting of a psychoeducative program will be elaborated, that will respond to the identified suggestions and needs.
The investigation was carried out with the purpose to elaborate the setting for the design of a psychoeducative program directed to the process of coping of survivor women with breast cancer. The investigation was developed in the period comprehended between the months from February and May 2014. The sample was composed by 7 psychologists who are linked to “Chiqui Gómez Lubián” Teaching Policlinic and 9 specialists belonging to the Psychological Faculty of the Central University “Martha Abreu” of Las Villas. The lasts were consulted in order to evaluate a new concept of Psychoeducation. The mixed paradigm was assumed, with an exploratory-descriptive study that was structured in 3 stages. A system of methods and technics was used that include the observation, the interview and revision of documents, questionnaire directed to the professionals of the psychological consult of the centre, and a questionnaire for the specialists for the concept of psychoeducation. It was carried out a qualitative analysis of data, complementing it with the analysis of frequencies and per cent. The obtained results derived from the diagnostic of needs showed the pertinence of boosting the abilities of coping in the survivor patients, in order to promote the adaptation to illness. As the principal contribution of the investigation the setting of a psychoeducative program will be elaborated, that will respond to the identified suggestions and needs.