Evaluación de alternativas para la producción de áridos a pequeña escala
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Fecha
2009-07-05
Autores
Carrazana González, Henry
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
La producción de áridos en la actualidad no puede suplir la demanda, estos
generalmente se destinan a obras de gran envergadura, esta producción se
logra en instalaciones que requieren de grandes inversiones económicas y hay
que recorrer en ocasiones grandes distancias para su adquisición. El trabajo que
se presenta ofrece alternativas de producción a pequeña escala de áridos
destinados a los talleres de Ecomateriales.
La producción descentralizada de áridos en pequeños talleres es lograda
mediante dos estapas de trituración de fuentes alternativas de materias primas,
una de ellas son los pequeños depósitos de rocas que en forma de fragmentos
de distintas dimensiones puedan recolectarse en las áreas aledañas a la
instalación y otra, en canteras que en la actualidad se encuentran en desuso y el
aprovechamiento de los escombros de algunas producciones de hormigón.
Se presentan los costos por m3 de árido logrado por las diferentes alternativas
propuestas, costos por concepto de transportación y compra de los distintos
áridos obtenidos de las canteras en explotación y se ofrece la caracterización de
dos arenas de roca y grava triturada, para así recomendar su utilización en los
talleres.
Se cuantifican los volúmenes de desechos sólidos generados por las distintas
empresas del sector de la construcción en Villa Clara como consecuencia del
proceso de fabricación de elementos y/o productos para la construcción.
Presently aggregate production cannot meet current demands, this is general dilemma of most large scale constructions projects, and aggregate production is achieved by industries that require large economic investments and the occasional the need to travel vast distances for its acquisition. This investigation presents alternatives for aggregate production on a small scale, dedicated for the use with Eco-material based constructions. The decentralized production of sand in small industries is achieved by means of two stages of trituration, using alternative sources of raw materials; one of them is the collection of small rock deposits which can be located in area surrounding the industry in form of fragments of different dimensions. The other form; sources are quarries that are presently in a state of disuse and the use of by products of some concrete productions. In this investigation, the costs in cubic meters of aggregate produced by the different proposed alternatives, the costs of transportation and acquisition of the various types of aggregates obtained of the quarries in exploitation, the characterization of two rock sands and rock gravels and recommendation for their use in construction field are analyzed. The volumes of solid waste generated by the various construction companies in Villa Clara are quantified as consequences due to the process of producing construction elements and other construction based products.
Presently aggregate production cannot meet current demands, this is general dilemma of most large scale constructions projects, and aggregate production is achieved by industries that require large economic investments and the occasional the need to travel vast distances for its acquisition. This investigation presents alternatives for aggregate production on a small scale, dedicated for the use with Eco-material based constructions. The decentralized production of sand in small industries is achieved by means of two stages of trituration, using alternative sources of raw materials; one of them is the collection of small rock deposits which can be located in area surrounding the industry in form of fragments of different dimensions. The other form; sources are quarries that are presently in a state of disuse and the use of by products of some concrete productions. In this investigation, the costs in cubic meters of aggregate produced by the different proposed alternatives, the costs of transportation and acquisition of the various types of aggregates obtained of the quarries in exploitation, the characterization of two rock sands and rock gravels and recommendation for their use in construction field are analyzed. The volumes of solid waste generated by the various construction companies in Villa Clara are quantified as consequences due to the process of producing construction elements and other construction based products.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Áridos en Pequeña Escala