Evaluación del procesamiento aluminotérmico de polvos de acería
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Alvarez Corcho, Carlos Rafael
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Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica
Resumen
En el trabajo se realiza la evaluación del procesamiento aluminotérmico de polvos de acería y cascarillas de laminación, procedentes de empresa siderúrgica ACINOX Tunas. Se estudió la forma de aglomerar los polvos, con silicato de sodio, en función de lograr mayor resistencia de los granos. Para la evaluación del procesamiento se conformaron diferentes cargas, obteniéndose las correspondientes aleaciones, escorias y polvos generados. Los resultados del proceso fueron evaluados comparando los resultados obtenidos con resultados determinados a partir de balances de masa. Las aleaciones obtenidas fueron caracterizadas mediante espectroscopia de emisión atómica, obteniéndose aleaciones con contenidos de carbono entre 0,3 y 0,4 % y de aluminio entre 12 y 16 %. Por otro lado, los polvos colectados fueron caracterizados mediante espectroscopia de absorción atómica, obteniéndose que ellos están compuestos fundamentalmente por: ZnO de 50 a 58 %, PbO de 6 a 11 %, Fe2O3 de 4 a 13 % y CdO por debajo del 1 %. La caracterización fásica, mediante difracción de rayos X, realizado a los polvos arrojó que estos están formados fundamentalmente por ZnO, ZnS, PbO, SnS y S.
In the work, the evaluation of the aluminothermic processing of steel dust and rolling scale, from the ACINOX Tunas steel company, is carried out. The way to agglomerate the powders was studied, with sodium silicate, in order to achieve greater resistance of the grains. For the evaluation of the processing different loads were formed, obtaining the corresponding alloys, slags and powders generated. The results of the process were evaluated by comparing the results obtained with results determined from mass balances. The alloys obtained were characterized by atomic emission spectroscopy, obtaining alloys with carbon contents between 0.3 and 0.4% and aluminum between 12 and 16%. On the other hand, the collected powders were characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy, obtaining that they are mainly composed of: ZnO from 50 to 58%, PbO from 6 to 11%, Fe2O3 from 4 to 13 % and CdO below 1 %. The phasic characterization, by X-ray diffraction, made to the powders showed that they are mainly formed by ZnO, ZnS, PbO, SnS and S.
In the work, the evaluation of the aluminothermic processing of steel dust and rolling scale, from the ACINOX Tunas steel company, is carried out. The way to agglomerate the powders was studied, with sodium silicate, in order to achieve greater resistance of the grains. For the evaluation of the processing different loads were formed, obtaining the corresponding alloys, slags and powders generated. The results of the process were evaluated by comparing the results obtained with results determined from mass balances. The alloys obtained were characterized by atomic emission spectroscopy, obtaining alloys with carbon contents between 0.3 and 0.4% and aluminum between 12 and 16%. On the other hand, the collected powders were characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy, obtaining that they are mainly composed of: ZnO from 50 to 58%, PbO from 6 to 11%, Fe2O3 from 4 to 13 % and CdO below 1 %. The phasic characterization, by X-ray diffraction, made to the powders showed that they are mainly formed by ZnO, ZnS, PbO, SnS and S.