Asimilación y transferencia de la tecnología de obtención de silicato de sodio a partir de arena de sílice en la planta Elpidio Sosa
Fecha
2021
Autores
Gómez Santos, Roxana
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Química y Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
En el presente trabajo se realiza un estudio para la asimilación y transferencia de la tecnología de obtención de silicato de sodio a partir de arena de sílice, con el fin de sustituir importaciones en la empresa Electroquímica de Sagua, la cual requiere la importación de la piedra de silicato. De las diferentes tecnologías de obtención, se selecciona la tecnología por vía húmeda de manera que permita utilizar materias primas cubanas, así como el hidróxido de sodio obtenido en la empresa. Otro aspecto analizado fueron las alternativas de macrolocalización, donde se consideró que resulta más factible la instalación de la planta en la propia empresa por tener condiciones disponibles al límite de batería instalada. A partir de la determinación de los balances de masa y energía, para una capacidad de 9 000 toneladas anuales, se determinó el consumo por lote de producción de arena de sílice lavada cubana e hidróxido de sodio, siendo 4465.70 kg y 2243.12 kg, respectivamente. Se realizó la selección del equipamiento, así como el diseño de los principales equipos como el reactor y el tanque enchaquetado, y el diseño óptimo del intercambiador de calor de tubo y concha empleando la metodología de optimización del Peter por el método de Lagrange arrojando como resultado un área óptima de trasferencia de calor de 3.66 𝑚��������������2. Del impacto económico de la asimilación de esta tecnología se obtiene un Valor Actual Neto (VAN) de $ 22.551.899,64, un tasa de retorno de la inversión TIR de 45% y un plazo de recuperación al descontado (PRD) de 2.8 años, lo cual resulta favorable para implementar la introducción de esta tecnología en la empresa.
In the present work, a study is carried out for the assimilation and transfer of the technology for obtaining sodium silicate from silica sand, in order to substitute imports in the Electroquímica de Sagua company, which requires the import of the stone silicate. From the different production technologies, the wet technology is selected so that it allows the use of Cuban raw materials, as well as the sodium hydroxide obtained in the company. Another aspect analyzed was the macro-location alternatives, where it was considered that the installation of the plant in the company itself is more feasible due to the availability of conditions at the limit of the installed battery. From the determination of the mass and energy balances, for a capacity of 9,000 tons per year, the consumption per batch of Cuban washed silica sand and sodium hydroxide production was determined, being 4465.70 kg and 2243.12 kg, respectively. The selection of the equipment was carried out, as well as the design of the main equipment such as the reactor and the jacketed tank, and the optimal design of the tube and shell heat exchanger using the Peter optimization methodology by the Lagrange method, yielding as a result an optimal heat transfer area of 3.66 m2. From the economic impact of the assimilation of this technology, a Net Present Value (NPV) of $ 22,551,899.64 is obtained, a return on investment IRR of 45% and a discounted payback period (PRD) of 2.8 years, which is favorable to implement the introduction of this technology in the company.
In the present work, a study is carried out for the assimilation and transfer of the technology for obtaining sodium silicate from silica sand, in order to substitute imports in the Electroquímica de Sagua company, which requires the import of the stone silicate. From the different production technologies, the wet technology is selected so that it allows the use of Cuban raw materials, as well as the sodium hydroxide obtained in the company. Another aspect analyzed was the macro-location alternatives, where it was considered that the installation of the plant in the company itself is more feasible due to the availability of conditions at the limit of the installed battery. From the determination of the mass and energy balances, for a capacity of 9,000 tons per year, the consumption per batch of Cuban washed silica sand and sodium hydroxide production was determined, being 4465.70 kg and 2243.12 kg, respectively. The selection of the equipment was carried out, as well as the design of the main equipment such as the reactor and the jacketed tank, and the optimal design of the tube and shell heat exchanger using the Peter optimization methodology by the Lagrange method, yielding as a result an optimal heat transfer area of 3.66 m2. From the economic impact of the assimilation of this technology, a Net Present Value (NPV) of $ 22,551,899.64 is obtained, a return on investment IRR of 45% and a discounted payback period (PRD) of 2.8 years, which is favorable to implement the introduction of this technology in the company.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Proceso Tecnológico, Obtención de Silicato de Sodio, Transferencia de Tecnología