Evaluación del por ciento de extracción de jugo de los filtros destinado a producir levadura torula para mejorar el balance energético en un central
Fecha
2021
Autores
León Chirino, Erick Ariel
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Química y Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
El siguiente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el por ciento del jugo de los filtros que óptimamente se puede extraer para mejorar el balance energético de la fábrica de azúcar de “Ifrain Alfonso”, destinando el jugo de los filtros extraídos a una planta de producción de levadura torula anexa al mismo, a partir de miel final y jugo de los filtros como materias primas principales. En este se comprobó la factibilidad del pago de la caña por su calidad, al determinar el impacto positivo de esta para la producción y el balance energético. Se estudió el efecto de la extracción de una fracción de jugo de los filtros, en la etapa de purificación y en el producto final. Se realizó un estudio de la documentación para la preparación del proyecto y la selección de los principales equipos que conforman la planta de acuerdo con los requisitos de cada etapa. Se realizaron los balances de masa y de energía del proceso de levadura, dando como resultado que para producir 40 t/d de levadura seca es necesario 170 t/d de batición de miel, jugo de los filtros y agua. Se elaboró el diseño geométrico de los principales equipos seleccionados. Se determinó que el porciento óptimo de extracción de jugo de los filtros es de un 20 por ciento, donde se obtiene una ganancia de 1824435,40 USD/año y 9427 t/año de miel faltante a comprar. Se calculó el costo de la inversión para el 20 por ciento de extracción, dando un valor de 7797596,34$ y se evaluó la rentabilidad de la inversión obteniendo 4371490,21$/año de gastos y las ganancias de 2636509,79$/año y se obtuvieron los valores de los indicadores dinámicos: el VAN $12900494.64, la TIR 40 por ciento y el PRD 3.1 años.
The following work aimed to evaluate the percent of the filter juice that can be optimally extracted to improve the energy balance of the “Ifrain Alfonso” sugar factory, allocating the juice from the extracted filters to a yeast production plant torula attached to it, from final honey and filter juice as main raw materials. In this, the feasibility of paying the cane for its quality was verified, by determining its positive impact on production and the energy balance. The effect of the extraction of a fraction of juice from the filters, in the purification stage and in the final product, was studied. A study of the documentation was carried out for the preparation of the project and the selection of the main equipment that make up the plant in accordance with the requirements of each stage. The mass and energy balances of the yeast process were carried out, resulting in that to produce 40 t / d of dry yeast it is necessary to beat 170 t / d of honey, filter juice and water. The geometric design of the main selected teams was elaborated. It was determined that the optimal percentage of extraction of juice from the filters is 20 percent, where a profit of 1824,435.40 USD / year and 9,427 t / year of missing honey to buy is obtained. The cost of the investment was calculated for the 20 percent extraction, giving a value of $ 7797596.34 and the profitability of the investment was evaluated obtaining $ 4371490.21 / year of expenses and the profits of $ 2636509.79 / year and the values of the dynamic indicators were obtained: the NPV $ 12900494.64, the IRR 40 porcent and the PRD 3.1 years.
The following work aimed to evaluate the percent of the filter juice that can be optimally extracted to improve the energy balance of the “Ifrain Alfonso” sugar factory, allocating the juice from the extracted filters to a yeast production plant torula attached to it, from final honey and filter juice as main raw materials. In this, the feasibility of paying the cane for its quality was verified, by determining its positive impact on production and the energy balance. The effect of the extraction of a fraction of juice from the filters, in the purification stage and in the final product, was studied. A study of the documentation was carried out for the preparation of the project and the selection of the main equipment that make up the plant in accordance with the requirements of each stage. The mass and energy balances of the yeast process were carried out, resulting in that to produce 40 t / d of dry yeast it is necessary to beat 170 t / d of honey, filter juice and water. The geometric design of the main selected teams was elaborated. It was determined that the optimal percentage of extraction of juice from the filters is 20 percent, where a profit of 1824,435.40 USD / year and 9,427 t / year of missing honey to buy is obtained. The cost of the investment was calculated for the 20 percent extraction, giving a value of $ 7797596.34 and the profitability of the investment was evaluated obtaining $ 4371490.21 / year of expenses and the profits of $ 2636509.79 / year and the values of the dynamic indicators were obtained: the NPV $ 12900494.64, the IRR 40 porcent and the PRD 3.1 years.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Industria Azucarera, Caña de Azúcar, Producción de Levadura, Levadura Torula, Balance de Materiales y Energía, Diseño, Costo de Inversión