Desarrollo de materiales abrasivos mediante métodos pirometalúrgicos
Fecha
2019
Autores
Felipe Saavedra, Rolando
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica
Resumen
En el Trabajo de Diploma se realiza una revisión bibliográfica acerca de las características principales de los materiales abrasivos, los tipos, clasificación y sus aplicaciones, así como las formas tradicionales de obtención.
Se aborda la obtención de materiales abrasivos a partir del procesamiento aluminotérmico de residuales industriales, estudiándose la conformación de las mezclas, compuestas por cascarillas de laminación, virutas de aluminio y escoria aluminotérmica. Como resultado del proceso se obtiene como producto principal una escoria de características abrasivas y como subproducto un metal que puede ser utilizado como materia prima en la industria siderúrgica. Además se presenta el equipamiento utilizado, así como la formulación de las cargas y se señala la metodología de trabajo a seguir durante la tesis.
Por último, se realiza una valoración de los resultados obtenidos durante el procesamiento aluminotérmico de cada una de las cargas formuladas. Se hace una evaluación de la escoria en el desarrollo de muelas abrasivas las cuales están destinadas al pulido de terrazo en la Fábrica “Rolando Morales” de Cifuentes, utilizando como aglomerante cemento Portland P350. Finalmente se realiza una pequeña valoración económica de la factibilidad técnica de realizar la producción de estos materiales.
In the Diploma Work, a bibliographic review is made about the main characteristics of the abrasive materials, the types, classification and their applications, as well as the traditional ways of obtaining them. The obtaining of abrasive materials from the aluminothermic processing of industrial residuals is studied, studying the conformation of the mixtures, composed of lamination scale, aluminum shavings and aluminothermic slag. As a result of the process, a slag with abrasive characteristics is obtained as a main product and as a by-product a metal that can be used as a raw material in the steel industry. In addition, the equipment used is presented, as well as the formulation of the loads and the work methodology to be followed during the thesis is indicated. Finally, an assessment is made of the results obtained during the aluminothermic processing of each of the formulated loads. An evaluation of the slag is made in the development of abrasive wheels which are intended for the polishing of terrazzo in the "Rolando Morales" Factory of Cifuentes, using P350 Portland cement as binder. Finally, a small economic evaluation of the technical feasibility of producing these materials is carried out.
In the Diploma Work, a bibliographic review is made about the main characteristics of the abrasive materials, the types, classification and their applications, as well as the traditional ways of obtaining them. The obtaining of abrasive materials from the aluminothermic processing of industrial residuals is studied, studying the conformation of the mixtures, composed of lamination scale, aluminum shavings and aluminothermic slag. As a result of the process, a slag with abrasive characteristics is obtained as a main product and as a by-product a metal that can be used as a raw material in the steel industry. In addition, the equipment used is presented, as well as the formulation of the loads and the work methodology to be followed during the thesis is indicated. Finally, an assessment is made of the results obtained during the aluminothermic processing of each of the formulated loads. An evaluation of the slag is made in the development of abrasive wheels which are intended for the polishing of terrazzo in the "Rolando Morales" Factory of Cifuentes, using P350 Portland cement as binder. Finally, a small economic evaluation of the technical feasibility of producing these materials is carried out.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Medio Ambiente, Industria Siderúrgica, Materiales Abrasivos, Residuos Agroindustriales