Principales características y potencialidades de las cooperativas en el sector de la vivienda y su importancia para el desarrollo del territorio de Villa Clara
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Rodríguez Espinosa, Yenier
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Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
El modelo económico cubano se encuentra en un proceso de cambio transcendental y son
precisamente las nuevas figuras productivas un agente determinante en las políticas de desarrollo
del país. Son muchos los factores que parecen propiciar el surgimiento de un movimiento
cooperativo de nuevo tipo en el sector de la agricultura y en otros sectores de la economía, a partir
de las experiencias positivas a nivel nacional e internacional, lo que debe incidir positivamente en el
desarrollo de los territorios en todo el país. Sin embargo hay algunas cuestiones que resolver para
poder extrapolar un verdadero movimiento cooperativo fuera del sector de la agricultura, desde el
punto de vista legal, institucional, regulatorio, territorial, entre otros; por lo que se deben garantizar
adecuadas políticas de descentralización y flexibilización, para tales cambios y procesos.
La presente investigación pretende en primer lugar estudiar los fundamentos conceptuales y
metodológicos de las cooperativas en la transición socialista a partir de la manera como se ha
manifestado este movimiento a nivel internacional y nacional y la forma en que ha sido tratado el
tema por distintos autores. Se analiza en segundo lugar el comportamiento de las cooperativas
dentro del sector de la agricultura en el caso del territorio de Villa Clara, para de esta manera lograr
delimitar un grupo de experiencias positivas y negativas del comportamiento de las mismas y sus
potencialidades para contribuir al desarrollo de las localidades, así como la creación de un nuevo
tipo de cooperativas más allá del sector agropecuario. Por último se pretende demostrar la
pertinencia y viabilidad de la creación de nuevas formas cooperativas, en este caso para el sector de
la construcción en Villa Clara, como una nueva forma y sistema de trabajo productivo y cooperado,
sus principales presupuestos para ser habilitadas en este sector, base social, formas de
organización, principios que la deben regular y los impactos que pudieran tener estas inéditas
formas en el territorio.
The Cuban economic model is in a transcendental process of change and the new figures are just an agent productive factor in the country's development policies. There are many factors which seem to promote the emergence of a new type of cooperative movement in agriculture and other sectors of the economy, from the positive experiences nationally and internationally, which should positively affect the development of territories across the country. However there are some issues to resolve in order to extrapolate a true cooperative movement out of agriculture, from the point of view of legal, institutional, regulatory, territorial, among others, so that should ensure proper decentralization policies and flexibility, allowing the movement gradually encourage the Cuban economy as a true alternative development for the territories. Firstly, this research consider the conceptual and methodological cooperatives in the socialist transition from the way in which this movement has appeared internationally and nationally, and how the subject has been treated by different authors. Secondly, it analyzes the behavior of cooperatives in the agriculture sector in the case of the territory of Villa Clara, in this way it is achieved to define a group of positive and negative experiences of the same behavior as well as their potentials to contribute the development of towns and the creation of a new type of non-agricultural cooperatives, it is said in the building among other things by its similarity to the aforementioned. Finally, to demonstrate the relevance and viability of the creation of new cooperative forms in this case, for the construction sector in Villa Clara, as a new form and system of cooperative and productive work, their main budgets to be enabled in this sector, social base, forms of organization, principles that should regulate it and the impact these forms may have in the territory.
The Cuban economic model is in a transcendental process of change and the new figures are just an agent productive factor in the country's development policies. There are many factors which seem to promote the emergence of a new type of cooperative movement in agriculture and other sectors of the economy, from the positive experiences nationally and internationally, which should positively affect the development of territories across the country. However there are some issues to resolve in order to extrapolate a true cooperative movement out of agriculture, from the point of view of legal, institutional, regulatory, territorial, among others, so that should ensure proper decentralization policies and flexibility, allowing the movement gradually encourage the Cuban economy as a true alternative development for the territories. Firstly, this research consider the conceptual and methodological cooperatives in the socialist transition from the way in which this movement has appeared internationally and nationally, and how the subject has been treated by different authors. Secondly, it analyzes the behavior of cooperatives in the agriculture sector in the case of the territory of Villa Clara, in this way it is achieved to define a group of positive and negative experiences of the same behavior as well as their potentials to contribute the development of towns and the creation of a new type of non-agricultural cooperatives, it is said in the building among other things by its similarity to the aforementioned. Finally, to demonstrate the relevance and viability of the creation of new cooperative forms in this case, for the construction sector in Villa Clara, as a new form and system of cooperative and productive work, their main budgets to be enabled in this sector, social base, forms of organization, principles that should regulate it and the impact these forms may have in the territory.