Análisis térmico mediante simulación numérica de la carcasa de turbina de Turbocompresor de Grupo Electrógeno
Fecha
2021
Autores
Gutierrez Machado, Cesar Daniel
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Departamento de Mecánica
Resumen
Un turbocompresor es un sistema de inducción forzada de aire para mejorar el rendimiento de la combustión del motor. En los turbocompresores de los motores Himsen Hyundai 9H 21/32 de Grupo Electrógeno, en el lado de la entrada de los gases de escape, cada 75-100 horas de operación o ante desviaciones de régimen de trabajo, se lleva a cabo un procedimiento de limpieza con agua a temperatura ambiente (30C), mientras que los gases de escape a la entrada del turbo poseen temperaturas de 350380C o pueden llegar hasta 450C, es decir, se produce un choque térmico en la superficie de la carcasa. Como consecuencia han aparecido grietas.
Por un lado, existe un déficit de investigaciones previas relacionadas con esta temática y por otro las carcasas tienen un alto costo en el mercado internacional, el cual puede superar los 7’800.00 USD. Las grietas se forman en períodos de tiempo relativamente cortos, representando esto una afectación notable para la economía del país.
Como principal resultado de esta investigación se obtiene el comportamiento térmico de la carcasa ante las cargas a que es sometida por los gases de escape y por el agua de lavado.
A turbocharger is a forced air induction system to improve the combustion performance of the engine. In the turbochargers of the Himsen Hyundai 9H 21/32 engines of the Generating Group, on the side of the exhaust gas inlet, every 75-100 hours of operation or in the event of deviations in the operating regime, a procedure of cleaning with water at room temperature (30 C), while the exhaust gases at the turbo inlet have temperatures of 350-380C or can reach up to 450C, that is, a thermal shock occurs on the surface from the housing. As a consequence, cracks have appeared. On the one hand, there is a deficit of previous research related to this topic and, on the other, the housings have a high cost in the international market, which can exceed 7,8800.00 USD. Cracks are formed in relatively short periods of time, representing a notable impact on the country's economy. As the main result of this research, the thermal behavior of the housing is obtained under the loads to which it is subjected by the exhaust gases and by the washing water.
A turbocharger is a forced air induction system to improve the combustion performance of the engine. In the turbochargers of the Himsen Hyundai 9H 21/32 engines of the Generating Group, on the side of the exhaust gas inlet, every 75-100 hours of operation or in the event of deviations in the operating regime, a procedure of cleaning with water at room temperature (30 C), while the exhaust gases at the turbo inlet have temperatures of 350-380C or can reach up to 450C, that is, a thermal shock occurs on the surface from the housing. As a consequence, cracks have appeared. On the one hand, there is a deficit of previous research related to this topic and, on the other, the housings have a high cost in the international market, which can exceed 7,8800.00 USD. Cracks are formed in relatively short periods of time, representing a notable impact on the country's economy. As the main result of this research, the thermal behavior of the housing is obtained under the loads to which it is subjected by the exhaust gases and by the washing water.
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Palabras clave
Grupo Electrógeno, Turbina de Turbocompresor, Carcasa, Análisis Térmico