Características de la relación entre el afrontamiento familiar y el bienestar psicológico en escolares de 8 a 10 años de edad
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Bandes Carballo, Yaimary
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Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
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Se realizó un estudio en la escuela primaria José Dionisio San Román de Cienfuegos, con el objetivo de caracterizar la relación entre el afrontamiento familiar y el bienestar psicológico de los escolares, en un período comprendido entre enero del 2014 hasta mayo del 2014. Se asume una metodología mixta con un enfoque predominantemente cuantitativo, el diseño es no experimental de tipo transeccional y tiene un alcance descriptivo-correlacional. Para la selección de la muestra se empleó un proceso probabilístico aleatorio simple, quedando conformada por 61 escolares supuestamente sanos, entre los 8 y 10 años de edad y sus familias. Se utilizan técnicas estandarizadas como la Escala de bienestar psicológico, el Dibujo de tema sugerido, la Observación al juego, el Cuestionario al maestro y el Cuestionario de afrontamiento familiar, las cuales se someten a procesamientos estadísticos. Se emplea también la entrevista semiestructurada al grupo familiar la cual se interpreta cualitativamente. Los resultados indican que en la muestra estudiada predominaron los escolares con bienestar psicológico, destacándose las niñas con respecto a los niños; no existen escolares con afectaciones marcadas en el desarrollo del bienestar psicológico y el resto de ellos evidencia un bienestar vulnerable. Predominaron las familias con un afrontamiento adaptativo, mientras que las familias restantes evidencian un afrontamiento vulnerable y no existen familias con afrontamiento no adaptativo. Se comprobó que el afrontamiento familiar guarda una relación significativa, directa y moderada con el nivel de bienestar psicológico presente en los escolares.
A study was carried out in the José Dionisio San Román Primary school in Cienfuegos, with the objective of characterizing the relationship between family confrontations and the psychological well-being of students, in the period January 2014 to May 2014. A mixed methodology was used with a dominant focus on the quantitative, the design is non-experimental of a transactional type y has a descriptive – correlational reach. For the selection of the sample population, a simple probabilistic, random process was applied, for a total of 61 supposedly healthy scholars between 8 – 10 years and their families. Standard techniques were used such as the Psychological Well-being Scale, a Drawing on a suggested topic, observation of play, questionnaire applied to the teacher, and the family confrontation questionnaire, which was submitted to statistical processing, the semi structured questionnaire was also applied to the family and analyzed qualitatively. It was obtained as results that in the population studied all the scholars present psychological well-being, highlighting the females, there are no students with difficulties in the development of the well-being, and the rest present vulnerable well-being. They Prevail families with adaptive confrontation, while the rest of them show vulnerable confrontation and don't exist families with manifests of non-adaptive confrontation. Family confrontation guards a significant, direct and moderate relationship with the level of psychological well-being present in the students that make up the sample population.
A study was carried out in the José Dionisio San Román Primary school in Cienfuegos, with the objective of characterizing the relationship between family confrontations and the psychological well-being of students, in the period January 2014 to May 2014. A mixed methodology was used with a dominant focus on the quantitative, the design is non-experimental of a transactional type y has a descriptive – correlational reach. For the selection of the sample population, a simple probabilistic, random process was applied, for a total of 61 supposedly healthy scholars between 8 – 10 years and their families. Standard techniques were used such as the Psychological Well-being Scale, a Drawing on a suggested topic, observation of play, questionnaire applied to the teacher, and the family confrontation questionnaire, which was submitted to statistical processing, the semi structured questionnaire was also applied to the family and analyzed qualitatively. It was obtained as results that in the population studied all the scholars present psychological well-being, highlighting the females, there are no students with difficulties in the development of the well-being, and the rest present vulnerable well-being. They Prevail families with adaptive confrontation, while the rest of them show vulnerable confrontation and don't exist families with manifests of non-adaptive confrontation. Family confrontation guards a significant, direct and moderate relationship with the level of psychological well-being present in the students that make up the sample population.