Efecto del uso del suelo sobre su calidad en áreas de la Finca “Baños de Marrero”
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2016-06
Autores
Aguila Alcantara, Edith
Marrero Pérez, Yasser
Hernández Arboláez, Héctor Pablo
Ruiz González, Yanetsy
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Con el fin de evaluar el efecto del uso agrícola sobre el estado de la calidad del suelo, con enfoque de escenarios comparados, se seleccionaron dos áreas (un ecosistema natural como patrón de referencia y el agroecosistema Finca “Baños de Marrero” de Santa Clara) localizadas sobre suelos Pardo mullido medianamente lavado. Los indicadores físicos evaluados fueron: agregados estables, coeficiente de permeabilidad, factor de estructura, Límites Superior e Inferior de Plasticidad e Índice de Plasticidad. Los análisis químicos fueron pH (H2O), pH (KCl), contenido de materia orgánica, contenidos de P2O5 y K2O. Para el análisis microbiológico se realizaron diluciones seriadas para el conteo en placa de las unidades formadoras de colonias (ufc). La extracción de la mesofauna edáfica se realizó empleando la metodología de los embudos de Berlese-Tullgren. Los datos se procesaron con el paquete STATGRAPHICS versión 5.0 sobre Windows 7. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que el estado físico del suelo en los ecosistemas estudiados muestra una buena estabilidad estructural. Entre ambos ecosistemas, se encontraron diferencias significativas para el pH, el contenido de materia orgánica, disponibilidad de P y K y las poblaciones microbianas, pero los componentes de la mesofauna evaluados no difirieron entre sí. Sin embargo, del análisis de componentes principales se pudo concluir que los indicadores de la mesofauna y microbiológicos evaluados tuvieron un mayor peso en la diferenciación de los ecosistemas estudiados.
Two areas (a natural and an agricultural ecosystem), located on brown calcareous soil (correlated to Order Inceptisol, Subgroup Mollic Eutrudept in the Soil Taxonomy system), were chosen with the aim of assessing the effect of agricultural land use on soil quality using the compared scenarios perspective. The physical indicators analyzed were aggregate stabled, permeability coefficient, the factor of structure, lower and upper limits of plasticity, as well as, the index of plasticity. The chemical indicators measured were pH (H2O), pH (KCl), organic matter content, and levels of P2O5 and K2O. Soil microbiology was analyzed by plate counting. For mesofauna extraction was used the funnel methodology of Berlese-Tullgren. Data processing was done using STATGRAPHICS vs 5.0 on Windows 7. The results demonstrated that the physical status of the soil was good in both ecosystems. Significant differences were found for pH, organic matter content, levels of P2O5 and K2O, and in the microbial population. However, no differences were found in mesofauna components; but, the principal components analyses showed that the differentiation between both ecosystems is more defined by the mesofauna and microbiological indicators.
Two areas (a natural and an agricultural ecosystem), located on brown calcareous soil (correlated to Order Inceptisol, Subgroup Mollic Eutrudept in the Soil Taxonomy system), were chosen with the aim of assessing the effect of agricultural land use on soil quality using the compared scenarios perspective. The physical indicators analyzed were aggregate stabled, permeability coefficient, the factor of structure, lower and upper limits of plasticity, as well as, the index of plasticity. The chemical indicators measured were pH (H2O), pH (KCl), organic matter content, and levels of P2O5 and K2O. Soil microbiology was analyzed by plate counting. For mesofauna extraction was used the funnel methodology of Berlese-Tullgren. Data processing was done using STATGRAPHICS vs 5.0 on Windows 7. The results demonstrated that the physical status of the soil was good in both ecosystems. Significant differences were found for pH, organic matter content, levels of P2O5 and K2O, and in the microbial population. However, no differences were found in mesofauna components; but, the principal components analyses showed that the differentiation between both ecosystems is more defined by the mesofauna and microbiological indicators.
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Acaros, Colémbolos, Suelo Pardo con Carbonatos, Mites, Springtails, Soil Mesofauna, Mesofauna del Suelo