Crecimiento y cultivo de la Chlorella sp empleando vinazas cubanas como medio de cultivo
Archivos
Fecha
2018
Autores
Díaz Díaz, Arianna
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Química Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
En la presente investigación se estudió el crecimiento de Chlorella sp. empleando
vinazas como medio cultivo. Se utilizó la vinaza procedente de la destilería “UEB
Sancti Spíritus” la cual contiene minerales como K, Ca y Mg y valores de DQO y DBO5
de 31 919,6 y 19 151,76 mg/l respectivamente. Para el desarrollo experimental se
propuso un diseño Placket-Bürman considerándose dos variables falsas y como reales
concentración de vinaza, pH del medio, aireación y tiempo de crecimiento, así como
peso seco total y remoción de carga contaminante y minerales como parámetros
finales. Los indicadores analizados para el crecimiento fueron conteo celular, peso
seco, densidad óptica y clorofila total. La mayor productividad fue de 5,0864 mg y se
alcanzó con 100% de vinaza, pH ocho, aireación y siete días de crecimiento. Al
analizar los modelos obtenidos en la producción de biomasa y la remoción de DQO y
DBO5 la concentración de vinaza es la variable más significativa. A partir de estos
resultados se propuso un esquema tecnológico utilizando 5 m3 de vinaza para obtener
150 kg/d de biomasa. En el análisis económico no resulta atractivo considerar la
inversión de la planta sola pues se obtiene un VAN de $ -29 285 964,23. Sin embargo,
si se anexa a una destilería instalada o forma parte de la inversión de una nueva
destilería, se alcanza un PRD de 5 años.
In the present investigation the growth of Chlorella sp. using vinasse as a culture medium. Vinasse from the "UEB Sancti Spíritus" distillery was used, which contains minerals such as K, Ca and Mg and COD and BOD5 values of 31 919.6 and 19 151.76 mg / l respectively. For the experimental development, a Placket-Bürman design was proposed considering two false variables and as real concentration of vinasse, pH of the medium, aeration and time of growth, as well as total dry weight and removal of contaminant load and minerals as final parameters. The indicators analyzed for growth ç were cell counts, dry weight, optical density and total chlorophyll. The highest productivity was 5.0864 mg and was reached with 100% vinasse, pH eight, aeration and seven days of growth. When analyzing the models obtained in the production of biomass and the removal of COD and BOD5, the concentration of vinasse is the most significant variable. Based on these results, a technological scheme was proposed using 5 m3 of vinasse to obta in 150 kg / d of biomass. In the economic analysis it is not attractive to consider the investment of the plantalone since a NPV of $ -29 285 964.23 is obtained. However, if it is attached to an installed distillery or is part of the investment of a new distillery, a PRD of 5 years is reached.
In the present investigation the growth of Chlorella sp. using vinasse as a culture medium. Vinasse from the "UEB Sancti Spíritus" distillery was used, which contains minerals such as K, Ca and Mg and COD and BOD5 values of 31 919.6 and 19 151.76 mg / l respectively. For the experimental development, a Placket-Bürman design was proposed considering two false variables and as real concentration of vinasse, pH of the medium, aeration and time of growth, as well as total dry weight and removal of contaminant load and minerals as final parameters. The indicators analyzed for growth ç were cell counts, dry weight, optical density and total chlorophyll. The highest productivity was 5.0864 mg and was reached with 100% vinasse, pH eight, aeration and seven days of growth. When analyzing the models obtained in the production of biomass and the removal of COD and BOD5, the concentration of vinasse is the most significant variable. Based on these results, a technological scheme was proposed using 5 m3 of vinasse to obta in 150 kg / d of biomass. In the economic analysis it is not attractive to consider the investment of the plantalone since a NPV of $ -29 285 964.23 is obtained. However, if it is attached to an installed distillery or is part of the investment of a new distillery, a PRD of 5 years is reached.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Destilería “UEB Sancti Spíritus”, Chlorella sp., Algas, Microalgas, Medio de Cultivo, Vinazas