Evaluación energético ambiental de la producción de cemento portland ordinario (CPO) con la adición de arcillas activadas térmicamente
Date
2014-06-27
Authors
López Delgado, Ernesto
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Abstract
Las demostradas ventajas como material de construcción del cemento y su
necesaria demanda para el desarrollo socioeconómico contrastan con su negativo
impacto medioambiental. Por esta razón se buscan vías para disminuir la afectación
que provoca la producción de este material, adoptando en este trabajo como estudio
el empleo de materiales cementicios suplementarios.
En este sentido, el análisis de diferentes herramientas para la gestión ambiental
conduce a proponer la herramienta de Análisis de Ciclo de Vida como la más idónea
para realizar la evaluación energética ambiental de la producción de CPO con
adiciones de A.A.T.
El análisis de las normativas aprobadas en el país referidas a la calidad del aire
muestra que las mismas no están directamente enfocadas hacia la industria del
cemento por lo que son de difícil aplicación, no obstante existen normativas e
inventarios realizados por la Agencia de Protección del Medio Ambiente (EPA/
EEUU), la CORINAIR y otras agencias que regulan lo relacionado con las emisiones
producidas por la actividad industrial del cemento.
En la fábrica no existen instalados instrumentos que permitan de forma regular
realizar mediciones con respecto a las emisiones de gases contaminantes,
consecuentemente se determina a través de cálculos y estimaciones, encontrando
que la tasa de emisiones para la fábrica Siguaney es 1191.15kg.CO2/t.ck, de igual
modo se obtienen los correspondientes resultados para otros contaminantes
importantes.
Se demuestra que en relación directa con la disminución del consumo de clínker por
tonelada de cemento disminuye entonces proporcionalmente el consumo de
energía en un 18 % con respecto al PP25, lo que conduce a la obtención de
cementos mezclados con A.A.T. más eficientes para aplicaciones específicas
The demonstrated advantages like material of construction of the cement and their necessary demand for the socioeconomic development contrast with their negative environmental impact. For this reason roads are looked for to diminish the affectation that causes the production of this material, adopting in this work as study t he employment of material supplementary cementious. In this sense, the analysis of different tools for the environmental administration leads to propose the tool of Analysis of Cycle of Life like the most suitable to carry out the environmental energy evaluation of the production of CPO with additions of A.A.T. The analysis of the normative ones approved in the country referred to the quality of the air shows that the same ones are not directly focused nevertheless toward the industry of the cement by what you are of difficult application, they exist normative and inventories carried out by the Agency of Protection of the Environment (EPA / USA), the CORINAIR and other agencies that regulate the related with the emissions taken place by the industrial activity of the cement. In the factory installed instruments that allow in a regular way to carry out mensurations with regard to the emissions of polluting gases, don't exist consequently it is determined through calculations and estimates, finding that the rate of emissions for the factory Siguaney is 1191.15kg.CO2/t.ck, in a same way the corresponding results are obtained for other important pollutants. It is demonstrated that in direct relationship with the decrease of the clínker consumption for ton of cement diminishes then proportionally the energy consumption in 18% with regard to the PP25, what leads to the obtaining of blended cements with A.A.T. more efficient for specific applications.
The demonstrated advantages like material of construction of the cement and their necessary demand for the socioeconomic development contrast with their negative environmental impact. For this reason roads are looked for to diminish the affectation that causes the production of this material, adopting in this work as study t he employment of material supplementary cementious. In this sense, the analysis of different tools for the environmental administration leads to propose the tool of Analysis of Cycle of Life like the most suitable to carry out the environmental energy evaluation of the production of CPO with additions of A.A.T. The analysis of the normative ones approved in the country referred to the quality of the air shows that the same ones are not directly focused nevertheless toward the industry of the cement by what you are of difficult application, they exist normative and inventories carried out by the Agency of Protection of the Environment (EPA / USA), the CORINAIR and other agencies that regulate the related with the emissions taken place by the industrial activity of the cement. In the factory installed instruments that allow in a regular way to carry out mensurations with regard to the emissions of polluting gases, don't exist consequently it is determined through calculations and estimates, finding that the rate of emissions for the factory Siguaney is 1191.15kg.CO2/t.ck, in a same way the corresponding results are obtained for other important pollutants. It is demonstrated that in direct relationship with the decrease of the clínker consumption for ton of cement diminishes then proportionally the energy consumption in 18% with regard to the PP25, what leads to the obtaining of blended cements with A.A.T. more efficient for specific applications.
Description
Keywords
Evaluación Energético Ambiental, Cemento Portland Ordinario (CPO), Agencia de Protección del Medio Ambiente (EPA/ EEUU), Adición de Arcillas, Impacto Medioambiental, Herramienta de Análisis de Ciclo de Vida, Environmental Impact, Life Cycle Stages