Desarrollo de un fundente para recargue por SAW a partir de escorias de afino del acero y con adición de cenizas de paja de arroz
Fecha
2018
Autores
Cendan Valdés, Carlos Javier
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica
Resumen
En el trabajo fue desarrollado un fundente para recargue por SAW a partir de escorias de afino del acero y con adición de cenizas de paja de arroz. A partir de la composición de la escoria de afino del acero, fue ubicada la composición en el sistema de óxidos CaO-SiO2-MgO con 5% de Al2O3. En base al análisis del sistema ternario, fue propuesto migrar hacia una región con temperaturas más adecuadas para el desempeño de un fundente. Para ello, fue incrementado el SiO2, manteniendo constante la relación CaO/MgO, lo cual se realizó mediante adición de cenizas de paja de arroz. Adicionalmente, fue propuesto añadir fluorita para aumentar la fusibilidad del sistema. Fue planteado un plan experimental de tipo Mc Lean Anderson, considerando como variables la matriz (escoria+cenizas+ fluorita), el grafito y el FeCrMn. Con los fundentes, fabricados por aglomeración, fueron obtenidos depósitos para la determinación de la composición química, metalografía y desgaste. En la obtención de los depósitos, se determinó el consumo alambre-fundente. En base a la composición química de los depósitos se establecieron los modelos de regresión que relacionan cuantitativamente el carbono, el cromo y el manganeso con las variables de composición del fundente. Fueron, también, establecidos los vínculos de la relación del consumo alambre-fundente con la composición del fundente. Se realizó un proceso de optimización, integrando todas las variables respuestas.
At work, a flux was developed for SAW hardfacing from steel slag and with the addition of rice straw ash. From the composition of the refining slag of the steel, the composition was located in the CaO-SiO2-MgO oxide system with 5% Al2O3. Based on the analysis of the ternary system, it was proposed to migrate to a region with more adequate temperatures for the performance of a flux. To do this, the SiO2 was increased, keeping the CaO / MgO ratio constant, which was done by adding ashes of rice straw. Additionally, it was proposed to add fluorite to increase the system's fusibility. An experimental Mc Lean Anderson type plan was proposed, considering as variables the matrix (slag + ash + fluorite), graphite and FeCrMn. With the fluxes, manufactured by agglomeration, deposits were obtained for the determination of chemical composition, metallography and wear. In the obtaining of the deposits, the wire-flux consumption was determined. Based on the chemical composition of the deposits, regression models were established that quantitatively relate carbon, chromium and manganese to the composition variables of the flux. The links of the wire-flux consumption relationship with the composition of the flux were also established. An optimization process was carried out, integrating all the response variables.
At work, a flux was developed for SAW hardfacing from steel slag and with the addition of rice straw ash. From the composition of the refining slag of the steel, the composition was located in the CaO-SiO2-MgO oxide system with 5% Al2O3. Based on the analysis of the ternary system, it was proposed to migrate to a region with more adequate temperatures for the performance of a flux. To do this, the SiO2 was increased, keeping the CaO / MgO ratio constant, which was done by adding ashes of rice straw. Additionally, it was proposed to add fluorite to increase the system's fusibility. An experimental Mc Lean Anderson type plan was proposed, considering as variables the matrix (slag + ash + fluorite), graphite and FeCrMn. With the fluxes, manufactured by agglomeration, deposits were obtained for the determination of chemical composition, metallography and wear. In the obtaining of the deposits, the wire-flux consumption was determined. Based on the chemical composition of the deposits, regression models were established that quantitatively relate carbon, chromium and manganese to the composition variables of the flux. The links of the wire-flux consumption relationship with the composition of the flux were also established. An optimization process was carried out, integrating all the response variables.
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Palabras clave
Proceso de Soldadura, Propiedades Tecnológicas, Fundentes