Simulación en Aspen Plus del proceso de asificación de residuo de hidrolisis enzimática de resina de pino
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Fecha
2012-06-25
Autores
Ugalde Lima, Reinaldo
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
El aprovechamiento de los residuos de la biomasa en los últimos años ha tomado un
creciente interés por ser una materia prima con una alta disponibilidad, por su carácter
renovable y por ser barata. Muchas investigaciones han estado dirigidas en aumentar
su utilización integral para la generación de productos de alto valor agregado.
La combustión en lecho fluidizado aparece con buenas perspectivas dentro de las
opciones tecnológicas para la disponibilidad energética a partir de un combustible.
En el presente trabajo se reportan los resultados experimentales del estudio preliminar
de la gasificación del aserrín para la obtención de un gas de síntesis, utilizando para
ello un gasificador experimental de lecho fluidizado, que como alternativa resulta
atractiva y demuestra que es posible gasificar el aserrín para la obtención de un gas
pobre en lugar de quemarlo.
Con estos resultados experimentales se desarrolla la simulación del proceso de
gasificación, empleando para ello el software Aspen Plus 11.1, lo cual resulta
importante y novedoso ya que permite establecer acciones en el comportamiento de
las variables del proceso y ahorros de experimentos a nivel de laboratorio.
Finalmente con todos estos resultados se diseña el gasificador, se elabora el diagrama
de flujo del proceso y se desarrolla la tarea de inversión con el consecuente análisis de
factibilidad técnico económica, que como resultado final arroja que la tecnología de
gasificación que se propone es rentable ya que se obtienen resultados positivos, con
valores de VAN en el orden de $ 1733714,35 MN, un 40% de la TIR y 3,3 años de
periodo de recuperación de la inversión.
Finalmente se establecen las conclusiones y recomendaciones del trabajo para la
continuidad de esta investigación que recién comienzan.
The use of the residuals of the biomass in the last years has taken a growing interest to be a matter it prevails with a high readiness, for its renewable character and to be cheap. Many investigations have been directed in increasing their integral use for the generation of products of high added value. The combustion in channel fluidized appears with good perspectives inside the technological options for the energy readiness starting from a fuel. Presently work the experimental results of the preliminary study of the gasification of the sawdust are reported for the obtaining of a synthesis gas, using for it an experimental gasifier of channel fluidized that is attractive as alternative and it demonstrates that it is possible to gasify the sawdust for the obtaining of a poor gas instead of burning it. With these experimental results the simulation of the gasification process is developed, using for it the software Aspen Plus 11.1, that which is important and novel since allows to establish actions in the behaviour of the variables of the process and savings of experiments at laboratory level. Finally with all these results the gasifier is designed, the diagram of flow of the process is elaborated and the investment task is developed with the economic consequent technical analysis of feasibility that as a result end throws that the gasification technology that intends is profitable since positive results are obtained, with values of they VAN in the order of $1733714,35 MN, 40% of the TIR and 3,3 years of period of recovery of the investment. Finally the conclusions and recommendations of the work settle down for the continuity of this investigation that newly begins.
The use of the residuals of the biomass in the last years has taken a growing interest to be a matter it prevails with a high readiness, for its renewable character and to be cheap. Many investigations have been directed in increasing their integral use for the generation of products of high added value. The combustion in channel fluidized appears with good perspectives inside the technological options for the energy readiness starting from a fuel. Presently work the experimental results of the preliminary study of the gasification of the sawdust are reported for the obtaining of a synthesis gas, using for it an experimental gasifier of channel fluidized that is attractive as alternative and it demonstrates that it is possible to gasify the sawdust for the obtaining of a poor gas instead of burning it. With these experimental results the simulation of the gasification process is developed, using for it the software Aspen Plus 11.1, that which is important and novel since allows to establish actions in the behaviour of the variables of the process and savings of experiments at laboratory level. Finally with all these results the gasifier is designed, the diagram of flow of the process is elaborated and the investment task is developed with the economic consequent technical analysis of feasibility that as a result end throws that the gasification technology that intends is profitable since positive results are obtained, with values of they VAN in the order of $1733714,35 MN, 40% of the TIR and 3,3 years of period of recovery of the investment. Finally the conclusions and recommendations of the work settle down for the continuity of this investigation that newly begins.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Residuos de la Biomasa, Gas de Síntesis, Simulación