Evaluación de combinaciones de aditivos (MEF + SP) para la fabricación de hormigones autocompactables en la ECOT “Cayo Santa María” de Villa Clara
Fecha
2014-06-25
Autores
Padrón Hernández, Herismay
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
El uso de aditivos en la Ingeniería Civil en Cuba, constituye uno de los principales factores que influyen en el encarecimiento del proceso constructivo al estar el mercado mundial de estos productos en poder de grandes corporaciones que radican en países desarrollados. Una de las alternativas que se están investigando en este momento para sustituir los aditivos comerciales, se basa en el estudio de un aditivo plastificante de origen biológico, denominado por sus creadores como MEF (Microorganismos Eficientes Finlay ).Precisamente el siguiente trabajo centra su análisis en productos logrados a través de la combinación del MEF, específicamente el MEF-32, con aditivos convencionales de base polimérica como el SRC-20 y SX-32 .El proceso contó con una primera etapa experimental en la que se evaluó la influencia de los productos combinados utilizando MEF-32 y SRC-20 en la fluidez, el tiempo de fraguado y el índice de plasticidad de las pastas de cemento, para ello se variaron las dosis en valores que oscilan entre el 0,25% y el 1% del peso del aglomerante. En la segunda etapa se trabajó con los morteros y las combinaciones (MEF+SP), los aditivos usados fueron el MEF-32 y el SRC-20 en proporciones de 0,5% y 1% y se observó el comportamiento de los mismos en cuanto a las siguientes propiedades: consistencia, resistencia a flexo-tracción y compresión y absorción de agua por capilaridad. En la última fase de la investigación se evaluaron las propiedades reológicas y físico-mecánicas de los hormigones y además se evaluó si las mezclas fabricadas presentaban características compatibles con el hormigón autocompactable, utilizando los ensayos típicos de hormigón autocompactable, para ello fueron empleados el SX-32 en las dosis de 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.75% y 0.95% y MEF-32 en los porcientos de 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% y 18%.Con la presente investigación se pretende variar las dosis de las combinaciones(MEF+SP) y evaluar el efecto que tienen en las propiedades reológicas y físico-mecánicas de pastas, morteros y hormigones, con el fin de ofrecer un producto capaz de sustituir el uso de aditivos extranjeros.
The use of additives in the Civil Engineering in Cuba constitutes one of the main factors that influence in the rise in the price of the constructive process when being the world market of these products in being able to of big corporations belonging to developed countries. One of the alternatives that are investigating at this time to substitute the commercial additives, is based on the study of a plasticizer additive of biological origin, denominated by their creators as MEF (Efficient Microorganisms Finlay) .In fact the following investigation centers its analysis in products achieved through the combination of the MEF, specifically the MEF-32, with conventional additives of polymeric base like the SRC-20 and SX-32 .The process had a first experimental stage in which the influence of the combined products was evaluated, using MEF-32 and SRC-20, in the initial and final setting time, the fluency and the index of plasticity of the cement pastes for they were varied it the doses in values that they oscillate between 0,25% and 1% of the weight of the cement. In the second stage one worked with the mortars and the combinations (MEF+SP), the used additives were the MEF-32 and the SRC-20 in proportions of 0,5% and 1% and the behavior of the same ones was observed as for such properties as consistency, resistance to flexo-traction ,resistance to compression and absorption of water for capillarity. In the last phase of the investigation were evaluated the rheological and physical -mechanical properties of the concretes , pass ability and flow time of the m anufactured mixtures was also evaluated using the typical tests of self-compacting concrete, for they were it used the SX-32 in the doses of 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.75% and 0.95% and MEF-32 by the percents of 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% and 18% .With the present investigation is sought to vary the doses of the combinations(MEF+SP) and to evaluate the effect that they have in the rheological and physical-mechanical properties of pastes, mortars and concretes, with the purpose of offering a product able to substitute the use of foreign additives.
The use of additives in the Civil Engineering in Cuba constitutes one of the main factors that influence in the rise in the price of the constructive process when being the world market of these products in being able to of big corporations belonging to developed countries. One of the alternatives that are investigating at this time to substitute the commercial additives, is based on the study of a plasticizer additive of biological origin, denominated by their creators as MEF (Efficient Microorganisms Finlay) .In fact the following investigation centers its analysis in products achieved through the combination of the MEF, specifically the MEF-32, with conventional additives of polymeric base like the SRC-20 and SX-32 .The process had a first experimental stage in which the influence of the combined products was evaluated, using MEF-32 and SRC-20, in the initial and final setting time, the fluency and the index of plasticity of the cement pastes for they were varied it the doses in values that they oscillate between 0,25% and 1% of the weight of the cement. In the second stage one worked with the mortars and the combinations (MEF+SP), the used additives were the MEF-32 and the SRC-20 in proportions of 0,5% and 1% and the behavior of the same ones was observed as for such properties as consistency, resistance to flexo-traction ,resistance to compression and absorption of water for capillarity. In the last phase of the investigation were evaluated the rheological and physical -mechanical properties of the concretes , pass ability and flow time of the m anufactured mixtures was also evaluated using the typical tests of self-compacting concrete, for they were it used the SX-32 in the doses of 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.75% and 0.95% and MEF-32 by the percents of 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% and 18% .With the present investigation is sought to vary the doses of the combinations(MEF+SP) and to evaluate the effect that they have in the rheological and physical-mechanical properties of pastes, mortars and concretes, with the purpose of offering a product able to substitute the use of foreign additives.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Combinaciones de Aditivos (MEF + SP), Hormigones Autocompactables, ECOT “Cayo Santa María”, Villa Clara, Microorganismos Eficientes Finlay, MEF-32, SRC-20, Combinaciones MEF+ SP