SICHAG: software para la evaluación de la Huella Hídrica en Villa Clara
Fecha
2012-07-04
Autores
Morfa Hernández, Andy
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas
Resumen
El agua, esencial para toda forma de vida, resulta vulnerable a impactos influenciados por prácticas inadecuadas, requiriendo una mejor administración con vistas a propiciar su racional y una adecuada gestión. Facilita la evaluación de este recurso natural la implementación y el cálculo de indicadores como es el de la huella hídrica, integrando la información del uso y su contaminación con independencia del proceso analizado. En este sentido, la investigación realizada tuvo como objetivo general: Desarrollar y aplicar un software que facilite el cálculo y la evaluación de la huella hídrica para un proceso, individuo, empresa y territorio. Para darle solución a este objetivo se diseñó el Sistema Informatizado para el Cálculo de la Huella de Agua (SICHAG) a nivel de procesos, productos, empresas, consumidores y zonas geográficamente limitadas. El sistema informático fue implementado en el lenguaje de programación C# en la plataforma de desarrollo Visual Studio. NET 2005. Para el desarrollo se tuvieron en cuenta un conjunto de requisitos no funcionales de software, hardware, usabilidad, etc. Se utilizó una arquitectura orientada a objetos obteniendo una jerarquía de clases muy bien organizada, lo que permitió ganar tiempo en la fase de desarrollo. El mismo en su aplicación se integra al CROPWAT 8.0 de la FAO para obtener los valores de evotranspiración y precipitación efectiva. El software SICHAG fue aplicado satisfactoriamente en el cálculo de la huella hídrica de diversos procesos, productos agrícolas e industriales, empresas, la población de Villa Clara y el municipio de Quemado de Güines, evaluándose el impacto de la huella hídrica sobre el territorio.
Water, essential to all life, is vulnerable to impacts influenced by improper practices, requiring better management in order to promote their rational and appropriate management. Facilitates the evaluation of this natural resource the implementation and calculation of indicators such as water footprint, integrating information on the use and pollution regardless of the process tested. In this sense, the investigation was design: Develop and implement software that facilitates the calculation and evaluation of the water footprint for a process, individual, company and territory. For a solution to this objective was designed Computerized System for Calculating of the Water Footprint (SICHAG) in terms of processes, products, companies, consumers and geographically limited. The computer system was implemented in the programming language C# in Visual Studio .NET 2005 development platform. Development took into account a set of non-functional requirements of software, hardware, usability, etc. We used an object-oriented architecture is a hierarchy of classes obtaining highly organized, allowing to save time in the development phase. The same application is integrated into FAO CROPWAT 8.0 for the values of evapotranspiration and effective precipitation. SICHAG software was successfully applied to calculate the water footprint of various processes, agricultural and industrial enterprises, the province of Villa Clara and the town of Quemado de Güines, evaluating the impact of the water footprint on the land.
Water, essential to all life, is vulnerable to impacts influenced by improper practices, requiring better management in order to promote their rational and appropriate management. Facilitates the evaluation of this natural resource the implementation and calculation of indicators such as water footprint, integrating information on the use and pollution regardless of the process tested. In this sense, the investigation was design: Develop and implement software that facilitates the calculation and evaluation of the water footprint for a process, individual, company and territory. For a solution to this objective was designed Computerized System for Calculating of the Water Footprint (SICHAG) in terms of processes, products, companies, consumers and geographically limited. The computer system was implemented in the programming language C# in Visual Studio .NET 2005 development platform. Development took into account a set of non-functional requirements of software, hardware, usability, etc. We used an object-oriented architecture is a hierarchy of classes obtaining highly organized, allowing to save time in the development phase. The same application is integrated into FAO CROPWAT 8.0 for the values of evapotranspiration and effective precipitation. SICHAG software was successfully applied to calculate the water footprint of various processes, agricultural and industrial enterprises, the province of Villa Clara and the town of Quemado de Güines, evaluating the impact of the water footprint on the land.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Software SICHAG, Evaluación, Huella Hídrica, Villa Clara