Simulación numérica de los procesos de embutición rectangular con pestaña
Fecha
2014-07-20
Autores
Zamora Hondares, Erick Luis
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
La investigación constituye un análisis del proceso de embutido del fregadero rectangular fabricado en la Industria Nacional Productora de Utensilios Domésticos (INPUD). Persigue el objetivo de simular mediante el software de elementos finitos Stampack dicho proceso de embutido, lográndose la predicción del comportamiento del material a deformar. Los defectos que comúnmente se presentan en los procesos de conformación de chapas metálicas son: el surgimiento de arrugas, la variación del espesor, la profundidad del embutido, el agrietamiento debido al endurecimiento del material por la
deformación plástica, las altas tensiones surgidas durante el proceso. La presencia de arrugas y la variación del espesor en el producto terminado no son aceptables debido al no cumplimiento de las exigencias de calidad demandada por el cliente, además de comprometer la integridad física del mismo. Mediante la simulación por el método de elementos finitos se alcanza una mejor comprensión de la interdependencia entre los diferentes parámetros que intervienen en el proceso, permitiéndonos escoger la solución óptima sin tener que probarla en la práctica lo que se reflejaría en un alto costo de
producción. La simulación realizada demostró la existencia de zonas donde convergían altas tensiones y adelgazamiento en el espesor de la chapa, las cuales constituyen un factor alarmante ya que pueden provocar la rotura del material. Conjuntamente se determinaron regiones con tendencias al surgimiento de arrugas, pero las mismas se pueden eliminar variando la fuerza del prensachapas.
The investigation constitutes a process analysis of drawing of the rectangular kitchen sink manufactured in Industria Nacional Productora de Utensilios Domésticos (INPUD). The aforementioned Stampack pursues the objective to play-act by means of the software of finite elements process of drawing, turning out well the prediction of the behavior of the material to deform. The defects that commonly present itself in the processes of conformation of metallic sheets are: The surging of wrinkles, the variation of thickness, the depth of the drawing, the cracking due to the hardening of the material for the plastic deformation, the high happened tensions in the process. The presence of wrinkles and the variation of the thickness in the finished product are not acceptable due to the no fulfillment of the requirements about quality demanded to client, in to besides to compromise the physical integrity of the same. A better understanding of the interdependence between the different parameters that they tap in the process is attained by means of the simulation for the finite-element method, allowing us choosing the optimal solution without having that to try her would be reflected in a loud cost of production in practice. The realized simulation demonstrated the existence of zones where high tensions and thinning in the thickness of the sheet, which converged they constitute an alarming factor since they can provoke the rupture of the material. Jointly they determined to the surging of wrinkles regions with tendencies, but the same can eliminate themselves varying the blanckholder force.
The investigation constitutes a process analysis of drawing of the rectangular kitchen sink manufactured in Industria Nacional Productora de Utensilios Domésticos (INPUD). The aforementioned Stampack pursues the objective to play-act by means of the software of finite elements process of drawing, turning out well the prediction of the behavior of the material to deform. The defects that commonly present itself in the processes of conformation of metallic sheets are: The surging of wrinkles, the variation of thickness, the depth of the drawing, the cracking due to the hardening of the material for the plastic deformation, the high happened tensions in the process. The presence of wrinkles and the variation of the thickness in the finished product are not acceptable due to the no fulfillment of the requirements about quality demanded to client, in to besides to compromise the physical integrity of the same. A better understanding of the interdependence between the different parameters that they tap in the process is attained by means of the simulation for the finite-element method, allowing us choosing the optimal solution without having that to try her would be reflected in a loud cost of production in practice. The realized simulation demonstrated the existence of zones where high tensions and thinning in the thickness of the sheet, which converged they constitute an alarming factor since they can provoke the rupture of the material. Jointly they determined to the surging of wrinkles regions with tendencies, but the same can eliminate themselves varying the blanckholder force.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Industria Nacional Productora de Utensilios Domésticos (INPUD), Software Stampack, Chapas Metálicas