Comparación entre electrodos simple y doblemente recubiertos destinados al relleno superficial
Fecha
2012-07-20
Autores
López Fontanills, Roney Lázaro
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
En el trabajo se realiza una comparación entre electrodos de recubrimiento único y bicapa destinados al proceso de relleno manual con electrodo recubierto. Se evalúan también dos procedimientos convencionales de fabricación de electrodos (inmersión y extrusión) y se obtienen relaciones entre el efecto de los procedimientos de obtención y de la forma de colocación de las mixturas sobre las propiedades de acabado y operativas de los electrodos, entre otros aspectos.
Como resultado se obtiene un electrodo con recubrimiento bicapa compuesto por una matriz exterior (12,88 % de Calcita, 10,77 % de Sílice, 36,02 % de Rutilo, 6,86 % de Ferrosilicio, 6,86 % de Ferromanganeso y 26,61 % de Silicato de Sodio) y una carga de aleación interior (6,61 % de Ferromanganeso, 9,51 % de Ferrosilicio, 3 % de Grafito y 18,02 % de Ferrocromo) destinado al relleno superficial con dureza de hasta 490 HV, con mejores indicadores en los parámetros de eficiencia y consumo, que el electrodo de recubrimiento de simple capa para la misma aplicación. El electrodo con recubrimiento doble capa referido consume menos potencia (4,8 %) durante la soldadura que el electrodo de recubrimiento homogéneo, pero con mayor intensidad de corriente (13,43 %), a la vez que deposita un metal con una geometría caracterizada por tener un 7,8 % menos de ancho y 19,9 % de altura de refuerzo, 46,5 % más de profundidad de penetración, con una menor (24,5 %) área de refuerzo y una mayor área (28,5 %) de penetración, que el electrodo de recubrimiento homogéneo.
In the work a comparison among unique and twin coating electrodes dedicated to the process of manual filler with recovered electrode is carried out. They are also evaluated two manufacturing conventional procedures of electrodes (immersion and extrusion) and relationships are obtained among the effect of the obtaining procedures and in the way of placement of the mixtures on the finish estates and operative of the electrodes, among other aspects. As results an twin coated electrode is obtained, compound with a external cover (12,88 % of Calcite, 10,77 % of Silica, 36,02 % of I Twinkle, 6,86 % of Ferrosilicio, 6,86 % of Ferromanganeso and 26,61 % of Silicate of Sodium) and a internal alloy (6,61 % of Ferromanganeso, 9,51 % of Ferrosilicio, 3 % of Graphite and 18,02 % of Ferrocromo) dedicated to the superficial filler with hardness up to 490 HV, with better indicators in the parameters of efficiency and consumption that the simple coated electrode for the same application. The double lining electrode (Twin coated) referred it consumes less power (4,8 %) during the welding that the simple coated electrode, but with more current intensity (13,43 %), at the same time that it deposits a metal with a geometry characterized to have 7,8 % less than wide and 19,9 % of reinforcement height, 46,5% more than depth of penetration, with a smaller one (24,5%) reinforcement area and a bigger area (28,5%) of penetration that the homogeneous coated electrode.
In the work a comparison among unique and twin coating electrodes dedicated to the process of manual filler with recovered electrode is carried out. They are also evaluated two manufacturing conventional procedures of electrodes (immersion and extrusion) and relationships are obtained among the effect of the obtaining procedures and in the way of placement of the mixtures on the finish estates and operative of the electrodes, among other aspects. As results an twin coated electrode is obtained, compound with a external cover (12,88 % of Calcite, 10,77 % of Silica, 36,02 % of I Twinkle, 6,86 % of Ferrosilicio, 6,86 % of Ferromanganeso and 26,61 % of Silicate of Sodium) and a internal alloy (6,61 % of Ferromanganeso, 9,51 % of Ferrosilicio, 3 % of Graphite and 18,02 % of Ferrocromo) dedicated to the superficial filler with hardness up to 490 HV, with better indicators in the parameters of efficiency and consumption that the simple coated electrode for the same application. The double lining electrode (Twin coated) referred it consumes less power (4,8 %) during the welding that the simple coated electrode, but with more current intensity (13,43 %), at the same time that it deposits a metal with a geometry characterized to have 7,8 % less than wide and 19,9 % of reinforcement height, 46,5% more than depth of penetration, with a smaller one (24,5%) reinforcement area and a bigger area (28,5%) of penetration that the homogeneous coated electrode.
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Palabras clave
Electrodos, Relleno Superficial de Piezas, Eficiencia, Consumo