Análisis energético e integración de la destilación de alcohol: método convencional y doble efecto
Fecha
2016-07-01
Autores
González Cortés, Meilyn
Fariñas Díaz, Anneley
Martínez Martínez, Yenisleidy
Castellano Gallo, Lilisbet
Albernas Carvajal, Yailet
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Resumen
Se determinaron los consumos energéticos en dos esquemas de destilación de alcohol. En el primer esquema las columnas trabajan a presiones cercanas a la atmosférica y en la segunda se trabaja con presiones al vacío. Se realizó un análisis de integración energética con el empleo del software ASPEN PINCH, determinándose los requerimientos mínimos de utilidades calientes y frías en cada proceso. Las curvas de compuestas mostraron que en ambos procesos existen posibilidades de recuperación de
calor. Se obtuvo un ΔT mínimo (ΔTmín) óptimo de 25oC para destilación convencional y de 20oC para destilación doble efecto. El diagrama de rejillas mostró el número mínimo de unidades de intercambio de calor con diferencias respecto a la red actual y sobreconsumo de utilidades en los dos esquemas evaluados. Los consumos mínimos de utilidades obtenidos con la integración energética significaron en ahorros de 52% para el esquema de destilación doble efecto y de 75% para el esquema de destilación
convencional.
Energy consumption was determined in two schemes of alcohol distillation. In the first scheme, columns operate at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure and the second one works with vacuum pressures. An analysis of energy integration in the ASPEN PINCH software is done, determining the minimum requirements of hot and cold utilities in each process. The composite curves showed that there are possibilities for energy recovery in both processes. A minimum ΔT (ΔTmín) optimum of 25oC for conventional distillation and 20oC for double effect distillation was obtained. The grids diagram showed the minimum number of exchange units with differences according to the real processes and utilities over consumption for both distillation schemes. The minimum consumption of utilities obtained from energy integration resulted in savings of 52% for double effect distillation and 75% for conventional distillation .
Energy consumption was determined in two schemes of alcohol distillation. In the first scheme, columns operate at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure and the second one works with vacuum pressures. An analysis of energy integration in the ASPEN PINCH software is done, determining the minimum requirements of hot and cold utilities in each process. The composite curves showed that there are possibilities for energy recovery in both processes. A minimum ΔT (ΔTmín) optimum of 25oC for conventional distillation and 20oC for double effect distillation was obtained. The grids diagram showed the minimum number of exchange units with differences according to the real processes and utilities over consumption for both distillation schemes. The minimum consumption of utilities obtained from energy integration resulted in savings of 52% for double effect distillation and 75% for conventional distillation .
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Palabras clave
Integración Energética, Destilación Convencional, Destilación Doble Efecto, Alcohol Extrafino