Evaluación de propiedades físico-mecánicas en morteros de albañilería a partir de cementos con sustituciones de clínquer por arcillas calcinadas y caliza
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Rodríguez Rodríguez, Claudia María
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Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
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El trabajo presenta la evaluación del comportamiento físico-mecánico de morteros fabricados con dos nuevos aglomerantes, formulados sobre la base del sistema clínquer-arcilla calcinada-carbonato de calcio. La fabricación de los cementos se realizó a escala de laboratorio. Estos presentan sustituciones de 60 y 75% de clínquer por arcilla calcinada y caliza para ser utilizados como cementos de albañilería, los cuales cumplen con los requerimientos físico-mecánicos exigidos por las normativas nacionales e internacionales, resultando ser la finura del aglomerante el factor más influyente en la laborabilidad de las mezclas.
Las materias primas utilizadas son procedentes de la fábrica de cemento Siguaney, caracterizadas en su laboratorio. La reactividad puzolánica de los productos de calcinación se evaluó por el método de Calorimetría Isotérmica y la reología de las muestras patrón se analizó por el ensayo de Minicono. Los áridos empleados para la fabricación de las probetas prismáticas fueron seleccionados de las canteras Purio y Arimao, caracterizados en la Empresa Nacional de Investigaciones Aplicadas, y fueron combinados en las dosificaciones seleccionadas con la cal proveniente de Palenque.
Las mezclas de morteros diseñadas fueron tipo II y tipo III, elaboradas con los cementos producidos, empleando como referencia el PP-25. Los resultados de los ensayos de resistencia a compresión, así como los de absorción capilar fueron analizados estadísticamente mediante el programa Statgraphics, demostrando la influencia de cada tipo de cemento y áridos empleados en dichos parámetros. Las probetas prismáticas presentan un comportamiento físico-mecánico que satisface los requisitos exigidos en las normativas vigentes.
This paper presents the evaluation of the physical-mechanical behavior of mortars made with two new binders, created on the basis of the clinker- calcined clay- calcium carbonate system. The cements were manufactured at laboratory scale. In the process, clinker was replaced in a 60 to 75 % by calcined clay and lime stone. This way, the cements could be used as masonry cements, being named SIG B-60 and SIG B-75. These cements fulfill the physical - mechanical requests demanded by the national and international regulations, turning out to be the fineness of the binder the most influential factor in the workability of the mixtures. The raw materials that were used, come from the cement factory Siguaney, and they were characterized in the laboratory of the entity. The puzzolanic reactivity of the calcination products was assessed by the method of Isothermal Calorimetry, and the essay of Minicone analyzed the rheology of the standard samples. The aggregates used in the manufacture of the prisms were selected from the quarries in El Purio and Arimao, and characterized in the Empresa Nacional de Investigaciones Aplicadas. They were combined in the chosen dosages, with lime from Palenque. The mortar mixes were designed Type II and Type III, prepared with the produced cements, using as reference the PP 25. The results of the compressive strength tests, as well as those of capillary absorption were statistically analyzed by means of the program Statgraphics, showing the influence of each type of cement and aggregates used in these parameters. The prisms have a physical-mechanical behavior that meets the requirements of current legislation.
This paper presents the evaluation of the physical-mechanical behavior of mortars made with two new binders, created on the basis of the clinker- calcined clay- calcium carbonate system. The cements were manufactured at laboratory scale. In the process, clinker was replaced in a 60 to 75 % by calcined clay and lime stone. This way, the cements could be used as masonry cements, being named SIG B-60 and SIG B-75. These cements fulfill the physical - mechanical requests demanded by the national and international regulations, turning out to be the fineness of the binder the most influential factor in the workability of the mixtures. The raw materials that were used, come from the cement factory Siguaney, and they were characterized in the laboratory of the entity. The puzzolanic reactivity of the calcination products was assessed by the method of Isothermal Calorimetry, and the essay of Minicone analyzed the rheology of the standard samples. The aggregates used in the manufacture of the prisms were selected from the quarries in El Purio and Arimao, and characterized in the Empresa Nacional de Investigaciones Aplicadas. They were combined in the chosen dosages, with lime from Palenque. The mortar mixes were designed Type II and Type III, prepared with the produced cements, using as reference the PP 25. The results of the compressive strength tests, as well as those of capillary absorption were statistically analyzed by means of the program Statgraphics, showing the influence of each type of cement and aggregates used in these parameters. The prisms have a physical-mechanical behavior that meets the requirements of current legislation.