Publicación: Integración de la gestión ambiental y energética en industrias de procesos
Fecha
2015
Autores
Cañizares Pentón, Gladys
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Química-Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
En este trabajo se propone una metodología para la integración de la gestión ambiental y
la energética con enfoque a las normas internacionales ISO 14001:2004 e ISO
50001:2011, en industrias de procesos que previamente hayan implementado un sistema
de gestión de calidad ISO 9001:2008. La metodología propuesta considera etapas claves
de: diseño, diagnóstico, establecimiento del sistema de indicadores, preparación de la
documentación del sistema, implementación de las nuevas prácticas, auditoria interna,
evaluación del desempeño y revisión del sistema, cuya salida plantea la implementación
de herramientas de producción más limpia, como método efectivo para lograr la mejora
continua del sistema. Se destaca como novedad del trabajo la utilización de una
herramienta de diagnóstico, que permite realizar de forma integrada la revisión inicial
ambiental y la energética, así como el diseño de un sistema de indicadores ambientales
y energéticos a partir de requisitos que evalúan los organismos regulatorios en esos
temas, validado por sus especialistas en la provincia Villa Clara, Cuba, que se utiliza
para evaluar el desempeño en este proyecto. Además, se proponen procedimientos para
la evaluación integrada de impacto ambiental y riesgo laboral, para la gestión de
residuos y para la gestión de la energía que contribuyen al logro de producciones más
limpias. Se valida la metodología propuesta mediante su aplicación en dos industrias de
procesos, una de producción y comercialización de gases industriales y medicinales, y
otra de producción de rones y otras bebidas alcohólicas, estableciéndose las similitudes
y diferencias entre ambos casos de estudio.
In this paper a methodology for the integration of environmental and energy management with a focus on international standards ISO 14001:2004 and ISO 50001:2011, in process industries that have previously implemented a management system ISO 9001:2008 is proposed. The proposed methodology considers key stages of design, diagnosis, and establishment of the system of indicators, preparation of system documentation, implementation of new practices, internal audit, performance appraisal and review system. The output presents the implementation of clean productions, as an effective method to achieve a continuous improvement of production system. Stands out as novelty of this work the use of a diagnostic that allows the initial environmental and energy review, as well as the design of a system of environmental and energy indicators from requirements required by regulatory agencies. This was validated by their specialists in Villa Clara province, Cuba, and is used to evaluate the performance of this project. In addition, procedures for an integrated environmental impact assessment and occupational hazard for waste management and energy management that contribute to achieving cleaner production are proposed. The proposed methodology is validated through its application on two process industries, one of production and marketing of industrial and medical gases and the other for production of rums and other spirits. Similarities and differences between the two case studies were established.
In this paper a methodology for the integration of environmental and energy management with a focus on international standards ISO 14001:2004 and ISO 50001:2011, in process industries that have previously implemented a management system ISO 9001:2008 is proposed. The proposed methodology considers key stages of design, diagnosis, and establishment of the system of indicators, preparation of system documentation, implementation of new practices, internal audit, performance appraisal and review system. The output presents the implementation of clean productions, as an effective method to achieve a continuous improvement of production system. Stands out as novelty of this work the use of a diagnostic that allows the initial environmental and energy review, as well as the design of a system of environmental and energy indicators from requirements required by regulatory agencies. This was validated by their specialists in Villa Clara province, Cuba, and is used to evaluate the performance of this project. In addition, procedures for an integrated environmental impact assessment and occupational hazard for waste management and energy management that contribute to achieving cleaner production are proposed. The proposed methodology is validated through its application on two process industries, one of production and marketing of industrial and medical gases and the other for production of rums and other spirits. Similarities and differences between the two case studies were established.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Gestión Ambiental, Norma ISO 14001, Norma ISO 50001, Gestión Energética, Producción Más Limpia, Unidad Empresarial de Base “Gases Industriales”, Ronera Central “Agustín Rodríguez Mena”, Villa Clara