Aplicación de herramientas de gestión energética para reducir el consumo de energía eléctrica en instalaciones hoteleras
Fecha
2018
Autores
López Gómez, Pedro Daniel
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica
Resumen
La presente investigación realiza una propuesta de mejoramiento del consumo electroenergético de los sistemas de climatización del Hotel “Los Caneyes”, para contribuir al desempeño de la norma cubana NC ISO 50001. El estudio se enfoca desde una perspectiva cualitativa y utiliza métodos como el bibliográfico-documental y la correspondiente técnica de revisión bibliográfico-documental, a través de los cuales se exponen aspectos teóricos de relacionados con el tema. La recolección de datos permitió conocer el comportamiento de las temperaturas y humedades relativas para el año 2016, para la posterior aplicación de herramientas como el método de los Grados-Día, los diagramas bioclimáticos y las tablas horarias. De acuerdo con los principales resultados de este estudio se caracterizó el clima al occidente de Cuba como muy caliente/húmedo (cálido/húmedo) en general; se definió como estrategia más importante del diagrama bioclimático para alcanzar el confort térmico la ventilación natural, con corrientes de aire de no más de 1 m/s. Se propusieron nuevas variables independientes para la obtención de un mejor Índice de Desempeño Energético: Habitaciones Días Ocupadas totales y Grados-Día; además, se calculó el posible ahorro electroenergético de los sistemas de climatización con las estrategias del diagrama bioclimático propuestas, que equivaldrían a 247052 kW.h al año.
Palabras clave: ahorro electroenergético, NC ISO 50001, Grados-Día, diagramas bioclimáticos
The present investigation makes a proposal of improvement of the electroenergetic consumption of the systems of air conditioning of the Hotel "The Caneyes", to contribute to the performance of the Cuban norm NC ISO 50001. The study is approached from a qualitative perspective and uses methods such as bibliography- documentary and the corresponding bibliographic-documentary review technique, through which theoretical aspects related to the subject are exposed. The data collection allowed to know the behavior of the temperatures and relative humidities for the year 2016, for the later application of tools such as the Grades-Day method, the bioclimatic diagrams and the time tables. According to the main results of this study, the climate in western Cuba was characterized as very hot / humid (hot / humid) in general; It was defined as the most important strategy of the bioclimatic diagram to achieve thermal comfort natural ventilation, with air currents of no more than 1 m / s. New independent variables were proposed to obtain a better energy performance index: Rooms Total Busy Days and Degrees-Day; In addition, the possible electroenergy saving of the air conditioning systems was calculated with the proposed bioclimatic diagram strategies, which would be equivalent to 247052 kW.h per year. Keywords: electroenergy saving, NC ISO 50001, Degrees-Day, bioclimatic diagrams
The present investigation makes a proposal of improvement of the electroenergetic consumption of the systems of air conditioning of the Hotel "The Caneyes", to contribute to the performance of the Cuban norm NC ISO 50001. The study is approached from a qualitative perspective and uses methods such as bibliography- documentary and the corresponding bibliographic-documentary review technique, through which theoretical aspects related to the subject are exposed. The data collection allowed to know the behavior of the temperatures and relative humidities for the year 2016, for the later application of tools such as the Grades-Day method, the bioclimatic diagrams and the time tables. According to the main results of this study, the climate in western Cuba was characterized as very hot / humid (hot / humid) in general; It was defined as the most important strategy of the bioclimatic diagram to achieve thermal comfort natural ventilation, with air currents of no more than 1 m / s. New independent variables were proposed to obtain a better energy performance index: Rooms Total Busy Days and Degrees-Day; In addition, the possible electroenergy saving of the air conditioning systems was calculated with the proposed bioclimatic diagram strategies, which would be equivalent to 247052 kW.h per year. Keywords: electroenergy saving, NC ISO 50001, Degrees-Day, bioclimatic diagrams
Descripción
Palabras clave
Energía Eléctrica, Hotel “Los Caneyes”, Villa Clara, Sistemas de Climatización