Modelación del efecto de la retracción por secado en muros aislados a escala reducida
Fecha
2018-06
Autores
González Ferriol, Enisel
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Ingeniería Civil
Resumen
En el siguiente estudio se va a determinar la correspondencia de los resultados de los efectos de la retracción por secado en muros aislados a escala reducida con los resultados experimentales que aparecen documentados en la literatura. La fisuración o agrietamiento en el hormigón es una afectación que ocurre por diferentes causas o fenómenos, una de ellas es la retracción. Este fenómeno es caracterizado a partir de su origen y propagación, según estudios existen cuatro tipos principales de retracción. En este trabajo se hará un análisis de la retracción por secado, relacionando la bibliografía existente en función de este estudio, además se mencionarán diferentes ensayos que se elaboran para la medición de este fenómeno intrínseco del hormigón. También se nombrarán métodos de mitigación de este fenómeno, al igual que la modelación del agrietamiento según diferentes métodos y criterios de modelación y evaluación. Del mismo modo serán estudiados los gráficos obtenidos por los modelos de retracción por secado a nivel mundial y en Cuba, realizando una comparación entre los valores alcanzados en dependencia de las condiciones medio-ambientales que tiene estepaís. Se detallarán los modelos de Mohr-coulomb, (COD) y el criterio energético de Griffith para la modelación de los efectos de la retracción por secado y se plasmarán comparaciones con resultados experimentales obtenidos para la validación de los estudios antes concebidos. Para esto se modeló un muro con características geométricas rectangulares con refuerzos de acero tanto vertical como horizontal y aparecieron grietas que no coincidían con las antes previstas por estudios anteriores. Por tanto se recomienda la elaboración de estos muros a escala real para realizar un análisis experimental real de este estudio.
In the following study it is possible to determine the correspondence of the results of the retraction by drying in isolated walls on a reduced scale with the experimental results that are documented in the literature. The cracking or cracking in the cement is an affectation that happens for different causes or phenomena, one of them is the retraction. This phenomenon is characterized by its origin and propagation, according to studies there are four main types of retraction. In this work an analysis of shrinkage by drying is made, relating the existing bibliography in the function of this study, in addition to other tests that are elaborated for the measurement of this intrinsic phenomenon of concrete. Methods of mitigating this phenomenon are also mentioned, as well as the modeling of cracking according to different methods and criteria of modeling and evaluation. In the same way, the requirements to study in the levels of retraction for the world level and in Cuba, make a comparison between the values reached in the dependence of the environmental conditions that this country has. The Mohr-coulomb models (COD) and the Griffith energy criterion for the modeling of the effects of drought shrinkage will be detailed and compared with the results of the previous tests for the validation of the previous studies. For this purpose, a wall with rectangular geometric characteristics can be configured with steel reinforcements, both vertical and horizontal, and cracks appear that did not coincide with the previous ones foreseen by previous studies. Therefore, the elaboration of these walls on a real scale is recommended to carry out a real experimental analysis of this study.
In the following study it is possible to determine the correspondence of the results of the retraction by drying in isolated walls on a reduced scale with the experimental results that are documented in the literature. The cracking or cracking in the cement is an affectation that happens for different causes or phenomena, one of them is the retraction. This phenomenon is characterized by its origin and propagation, according to studies there are four main types of retraction. In this work an analysis of shrinkage by drying is made, relating the existing bibliography in the function of this study, in addition to other tests that are elaborated for the measurement of this intrinsic phenomenon of concrete. Methods of mitigating this phenomenon are also mentioned, as well as the modeling of cracking according to different methods and criteria of modeling and evaluation. In the same way, the requirements to study in the levels of retraction for the world level and in Cuba, make a comparison between the values reached in the dependence of the environmental conditions that this country has. The Mohr-coulomb models (COD) and the Griffith energy criterion for the modeling of the effects of drought shrinkage will be detailed and compared with the results of the previous tests for the validation of the previous studies. For this purpose, a wall with rectangular geometric characteristics can be configured with steel reinforcements, both vertical and horizontal, and cracks appear that did not coincide with the previous ones foreseen by previous studies. Therefore, the elaboration of these walls on a real scale is recommended to carry out a real experimental analysis of this study.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Retracción, Muros Aislados, Escala Reducida, Fisuración, Hormigón, Fenómeno Intrínseco, Modelación, Criterio Energético, Análisis Experimental, Retraction, Isolated Walls, Reduced Scale, Cracking, Concrete, Intrinsic Phenomenon, Modeling, Energy Criterion, Experimental Analysis