Rehabilitación estructural de la sala de última espera de la Estación Central de Ferrocarriles
Fecha
2018-06
Autores
Pérez Cuellar, Alex Gabriel
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Ingeniería Civil.
Resumen
En La Habana Vieja se ha realizado un enorme trabajo encaminado a rescatar el patrimonio edificado, buscando diferentes alternativas y asimilando nuevas experiencias técnicas para llevar a cabo la tarea de intervenir en numerosas edificaciones, exponentes de diferentes estilos arquitectónicos y épocas de construcción. La Estación Central de Ferrocarriles de La Habana constituye un exponente de la arquitectura del servicio público ferroviario en Cuba, que mantiene su uso original con más de un siglo de explotación y es referente de la memoria histórica de la sociedad.
En el presente trabajo se realiza el análisis estructural de la Sala de Última Espera de la Estación Central de Ferrocarriles de La Habana, con el fin de elaborar una propuesta para la rehabilitación de esta obra manteniendo la estructura existente. Para ello se realizará la modelación de la estructura haciendo uso de la mecánica computacional y, partiendo de las diferentes solicitaciones y analizando las combinaciones de los distintos estados de cargas en su condición más desfavorable, proceder al reforzamiento de los elementos estructurales existentes. La solución propuesta consiste en el diseño de una sección mixta donde el acero trabaje conjuntamente con el hormigón para resistir las solicitaciones aplicadas a la estructura. Dicha solución resulta beneficiosa cuando se presenta el incremento de las cargas debido al cambio de uso de las edificaciones o por motivos funcionales y su uso ha sido ampliamente difundido a nivel mundial en la rehabilitación de edificaciones.
In Old Havana an enormous effort has been made to rescue the built heritage, looking for different alternatives and assimilating new technical experiences to carry out the task of intervening in numerous buildings, exponents of different architectural styles and times of construction. The Central Railway Station of Havana is an example of the architecture of the public rail service in Cuba, which maintains its original use with more than a century of exploitation and is a benchmark for the historical memory of society. In the present work the structural analysis of the Last Waiting Room of the Havana Central Railway Station is carried out, in order to elaborate a proposal for the rehabilitation of this work maintaining the existing structure. For this purpose, the modeling of the structure will be made using computational mechanics and, starting from the different demands and analyzing the combinations of the different load states in their most unfavorable condition, proceed to the reinforcement of the existing structural elements. The proposed solution consists in the design of a mixed section where the steel works together with the concrete to resist the stresses applied to the structure. Said solution is beneficial when there is an increase in loads due to the change in the use of buildings or for functional reasons and its use has been widely disseminated worldwide in the rehabilitation of buildings.
In Old Havana an enormous effort has been made to rescue the built heritage, looking for different alternatives and assimilating new technical experiences to carry out the task of intervening in numerous buildings, exponents of different architectural styles and times of construction. The Central Railway Station of Havana is an example of the architecture of the public rail service in Cuba, which maintains its original use with more than a century of exploitation and is a benchmark for the historical memory of society. In the present work the structural analysis of the Last Waiting Room of the Havana Central Railway Station is carried out, in order to elaborate a proposal for the rehabilitation of this work maintaining the existing structure. For this purpose, the modeling of the structure will be made using computational mechanics and, starting from the different demands and analyzing the combinations of the different load states in their most unfavorable condition, proceed to the reinforcement of the existing structural elements. The proposed solution consists in the design of a mixed section where the steel works together with the concrete to resist the stresses applied to the structure. Said solution is beneficial when there is an increase in loads due to the change in the use of buildings or for functional reasons and its use has been widely disseminated worldwide in the rehabilitation of buildings.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Rehabilitación Estructural, Estación Central de Ferrocarriles, Patrimonio Edificado, Análisis Estructural, Modelación