Huracanolitos en Baitiquirí (Guantánamo), movidos por el huracán Matthew: análisis del proceso físico. Aplicación en estudios de paleodeposiciones
Fecha
2019-07-04
Autores
Beltrán Fonseca, Beatriz
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Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas
Resumen
El Caribe es una de las regiones del planeta más afectadas por huracanes. Por ejemplo, en 2016 el huracán Matthew provocó pérdidas económicas millonarias, extendiendo sus afectaciones hasta E.E.U.U. En Cuba, Guantánamo fue la provincia más dañada por Matthew, aunque no ocurrieron muertes a nivel nacional en virtud de las medidas preventivas tomadas. También es conocido que la capacidad de la población para enfrentar estos tipos de situaciones depende de la percepción del riesgo por huracanes. Guantánamo es una zona con baja percepción, asociado en gran medida a la baja frecuencia de recibir impactos de eventos de oleaje extremo, considerando la base de datos existente para tsunamis (UNESCO 2014) y huracanes (SOMETCUBA, 2004). La identificación de huracanolitos transportados por el poderoso huracán Matthew, ha sido básico para: (1) analizar los huracanolitos movidos por el huracán Matthew a través de las ecuaciones de transporte de sedimentos, (2) examinar la eficacia del uso de las ecuaciones de transporte de sedimentos, (3) identificar la génesis de los boulders antiguos a través de las ecuaciones de transporte de sedimentos, utilizando como análogo lo bloques movidos por el huracán Matthew. Aunque es una primera aproximación, los resultados obtenidos pueden ser aplicados en las mejoras de los modelos de estos procesos, generados durante las incidencias de estos meteoros en zonas costeras. Fueron utilizadas las salidas del Modelo Numérico Océano-Atmósfera del Instituto de Meteorología, con olas de 6-9 metros en la costa sur de esta provincia; los datos de estaciones de Guantánamo; la evaluación de los huracanolitos ubicados en el área y las ecuaciones establecidas para su transporte (Nott, 2003, Engel and May, 2012).
The Caribbean is one of the most regions of the planet affected by hurricanes. For example, in 2016, Hurricane Matthew caused millions of dollars in economic losses, extending its effects to E.E.U.U. In Cuba, Guantanamo was the province most damaged by Matthew, although there were no deaths at the national level due to the preventive measures taken. It is also known that the capacity of the population to face these types of situations depends on the perception of hurricane risk. Guantanamo is an area with low perception, associated to a large extent with the low frequency of receiving impacts from extreme wave events, considering the existing data base for tsunamis (UNESCO 2014) and hurricanes (SOMETCUBA, 2004). The identification of huracanoliths transported by the powerful Hurricane Matthew, has been basic to: (1) analyze the hurricanes moved by Hurricane Matthew through the sediment transport equations, (2) examine the efficiency of the use of transport equations of sediments, (3) identify the genesis of the ancient boulders through the sediment transport equations, using as analog the blocks moved by Hurricane Matthew. Although it is a first approximation, the obtained results can be applied in the improvements of the models of these processes, generated during the incidences of these meteors in coastal zones. The outputs of the Numeric Ocean-Atmosphere Model of the Institute of Meteorology were used, with waves of 6-9 meters on the south coast of this province; the data from Guantanamo stations; the evaluation of the hurricanes located in the area and the equations established for their transport (Nott, 2003, Engel and May, 2012).
The Caribbean is one of the most regions of the planet affected by hurricanes. For example, in 2016, Hurricane Matthew caused millions of dollars in economic losses, extending its effects to E.E.U.U. In Cuba, Guantanamo was the province most damaged by Matthew, although there were no deaths at the national level due to the preventive measures taken. It is also known that the capacity of the population to face these types of situations depends on the perception of hurricane risk. Guantanamo is an area with low perception, associated to a large extent with the low frequency of receiving impacts from extreme wave events, considering the existing data base for tsunamis (UNESCO 2014) and hurricanes (SOMETCUBA, 2004). The identification of huracanoliths transported by the powerful Hurricane Matthew, has been basic to: (1) analyze the hurricanes moved by Hurricane Matthew through the sediment transport equations, (2) examine the efficiency of the use of transport equations of sediments, (3) identify the genesis of the ancient boulders through the sediment transport equations, using as analog the blocks moved by Hurricane Matthew. Although it is a first approximation, the obtained results can be applied in the improvements of the models of these processes, generated during the incidences of these meteors in coastal zones. The outputs of the Numeric Ocean-Atmosphere Model of the Institute of Meteorology were used, with waves of 6-9 meters on the south coast of this province; the data from Guantanamo stations; the evaluation of the hurricanes located in the area and the equations established for their transport (Nott, 2003, Engel and May, 2012).
Descripción
Palabras clave
Huracanolitos, Huracán Matthew, Tsunamis, Boulders Antiguos, Percepción de Riesgos, Ecuaciones de Transporte, Huracanoliths, Hurricane Matthew, Tsunamis, Ancient Boulders, Risk Perception, Transport Equations