Desarrollo y evaluación de tecnologías para la producción de glucosa por vía enzimática a partir de un biocatalizador termoestable en la UEB Derivados Chiquitico Fabregat
Fecha
2021
Autores
Acosta Solares, Amanda
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Química y Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
Debido a la necesidad del inceremento de la calidad y la eficiencia de la producción de glucosa en la UEB Chiquitico Fabregat, se evaluó la alternativa de inversión enzimática a partir del desarrollo de las modificaciones tecnológicas correspondientes. Se seleccionó el biocatalizador PpABfrA dada su elevada termoactividad y termoestabilidad, además de las buenas propiedades para su reúso. Con vistas a su utilización a escala industrial, se elaboró un procedimiento de optimización mediante la Metodología de Superficie de Respuesta (MSR) que considera la relación de los factores experimentales más influyentes en condiciones reactivas. El ajuste de los resultados experimentales reportados para este biocatalizador a un Diseño Compuesto Central (DCC) arrojó un porciento de hidrólisis óptimo de 85,6 % alcanzado en 12 h y una concentración inicial de sacarosa de 1,75 M, condiciones que se consideraron para el desarrollo tecnológico. Del análisis de los criterios de escalado aplicados a la propuesta de rector piloto, mantener el cizallamiento del biocatalizador constante, resultó ser la alternativa operacional más acertada. A nivel industrial se escalaron las condiciones pilotos a un volumen de 10 m3. Además, se diseñó el equipamiento necesario con optimización económica del número de efectos de evaporación y se consideró el acondicionamiento del existente. La operación en condiciones de máximo aprovechamiento de la capacidad instalada arrojó un valor de la producción que supera en 1,51 veces al de la hidrólisis ácida y un tiempo de recuperación de 1,8 años. De acuerdo a las proyecciones existentes, se propuso una producción anual de 1 432,5 t de glucosa como mínima capacidad permisible para el proceso, con un tiempo de recuperación inferior a 5 años.
Due to the need to improve the quality and efficiency of glucose production in the UEB Chiquitico Fabregat, the alternative of enzymatic inversion was evaluated by developing the corresponding technological modifications. The PpABfrA biocatalyst was selected due to its high thermoactivity and thermostability, in addition to its good reuse properties. With a view to its use at industrial scale, an optimization procedure was developed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) that considers the relationship of the most influential experimental factors under reactive conditions. The adjustment of the experimental results reported for this biocatalyst to a Central Composite Design (CCD) yielded an optimum hydrolysis percentage of 85,6 % reached in 12 h and an initial sucrose concentration of 1,75 M, conditions that were considered for the technological development. From the analysis of the scaling criteria applied to the pilot rector proposal, keeping the biocatalyst shear constant turned out to be the most successful operational alternative. At the industrial level, the pilot conditions were scaled up to a volume of 10 m3. In addition, the necessary equipment was designed with economic optimization of the number of evaporation effects and the retrofitting of the existing equipment was considered. Operation under conditions of maximum utilization of the installed capacity yielded a production value 1.51 times higher than that of acid hydrolysis and a recovery time of 1,8 years. According to existing projections, an annual production of 1 432,5 t of glucose was proposed as the minimum allowable capacity for the process, with a recovery time of less than 5 years.
Due to the need to improve the quality and efficiency of glucose production in the UEB Chiquitico Fabregat, the alternative of enzymatic inversion was evaluated by developing the corresponding technological modifications. The PpABfrA biocatalyst was selected due to its high thermoactivity and thermostability, in addition to its good reuse properties. With a view to its use at industrial scale, an optimization procedure was developed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) that considers the relationship of the most influential experimental factors under reactive conditions. The adjustment of the experimental results reported for this biocatalyst to a Central Composite Design (CCD) yielded an optimum hydrolysis percentage of 85,6 % reached in 12 h and an initial sucrose concentration of 1,75 M, conditions that were considered for the technological development. From the analysis of the scaling criteria applied to the pilot rector proposal, keeping the biocatalyst shear constant turned out to be the most successful operational alternative. At the industrial level, the pilot conditions were scaled up to a volume of 10 m3. In addition, the necessary equipment was designed with economic optimization of the number of evaporation effects and the retrofitting of the existing equipment was considered. Operation under conditions of maximum utilization of the installed capacity yielded a production value 1.51 times higher than that of acid hydrolysis and a recovery time of 1,8 years. According to existing projections, an annual production of 1 432,5 t of glucose was proposed as the minimum allowable capacity for the process, with a recovery time of less than 5 years.
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Palabras clave
Producción de Glucosa, Gestión y Mejora de Procesos, Revisión Tecnológica, Hidrólisis de la Sacarosa, Biocatalizador Termoestable PpABfrA