Determinación de las capacidades óptimas de producción de levadura torula y xilitol extrayendo jugo de los filtros en ‘‘Ciudad Caracas’’
Fecha
2021
Autores
Lindo Darias, Diana Maria
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Química y Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
En el presente trabajo se realiza el diseño y optimización de las capacidades de una planta de torula, tomando como materia prima un por ciento de jugo de los filtros y miel final, y de una planta de xilitol, producido por vía fermentativa con bagazo de caña, tomando como materia prima principal el bagazo sobrante proveniente del central Ciudad Caracas, ubicado en Cruces, Cienfuegos, debido a la extracción de una fracción de jugo de los filtros. Primeramente, mediante el empleo del software estadístico Statgraphics Centurion, se obtienen los modelos que corresponden a cada etapa del proceso de producción de azúcar crudo, utilizando datos de los indicadores de calidad tomados en el central Ciudad Caracas en período de zafra, y aplicando a estos datos balances de materiales para obtener modelos que representen la calidad de los productos intermedios y el azúcar final, con extracción de jugo de los filtros. Se agregan los modelos para obtener los modelos globales del proceso conociendo con estos los beneficios de la extracción de jugo de los filtros en la etapa de purificación y el bagazo sobrante para cada por ciento de extracción. Consecutivamente se diseña la planta de xilitol y la planta de levadura torula, anexas al central, se selecciona el equipamiento y empleando los balances de materiales y energía del proceso se dimensionan los equipos principales para cada planta. A partir de la miel final que se obtiene con cada por ciento de extracción de jugo de los filtros se optimizan las capacidades de ambas plantas teniéndose en cuenta los indicadores económicos VAN, TIR y PRD, y se analizan las ganancias obtenidas con cada planta con respecto a las pérdidas de azúcar crudo que enfrentará el central con este por ciento de extracción.
In the present work, the design and optimization of the capacities of a torula plant is carried out, taking as raw material a percent of juice from the filters and final honey, and of a xylitol plant, produced by fermentation with cane bagasse. , taking as the main raw material the excess bagasse from the Ciudad Caracas plant, located in Cruces, Cienfuegos, due to the extraction of a fraction of juice from the filters. First, through the use of the statistical software Statgraphics Centurion, the models corresponding to each stage of the raw sugar production process are obtained, using data from the quality indicators taken at the Ciudad Caracas power station in the harvest period, and applying to these Material balance data to obtain models that represent the quality of intermediate products and final sugar, with extraction of juice from the filters. The models are added to obtain the global models of the process, knowing with these the benefits of the extraction of juice from the filters in the purification stage and the excess bagasse for each percent of extraction. Consecutively, the xylitol plant and the torula yeast plant are designed, attached to the plant, the equipment is selected and, using the material and energy balances of the process, the main equipment for each plant is dimensioned. From the final honey that is obtained with each percent of juice extraction from the filters, the capacities of both plants are optimized taking into account the VAN, TIR and PRD economic indicators, and the gains obtained with each plant are analyzed with respect to to the losses of raw sugar that the plant will face with this percentage of extraction.
In the present work, the design and optimization of the capacities of a torula plant is carried out, taking as raw material a percent of juice from the filters and final honey, and of a xylitol plant, produced by fermentation with cane bagasse. , taking as the main raw material the excess bagasse from the Ciudad Caracas plant, located in Cruces, Cienfuegos, due to the extraction of a fraction of juice from the filters. First, through the use of the statistical software Statgraphics Centurion, the models corresponding to each stage of the raw sugar production process are obtained, using data from the quality indicators taken at the Ciudad Caracas power station in the harvest period, and applying to these Material balance data to obtain models that represent the quality of intermediate products and final sugar, with extraction of juice from the filters. The models are added to obtain the global models of the process, knowing with these the benefits of the extraction of juice from the filters in the purification stage and the excess bagasse for each percent of extraction. Consecutively, the xylitol plant and the torula yeast plant are designed, attached to the plant, the equipment is selected and, using the material and energy balances of the process, the main equipment for each plant is dimensioned. From the final honey that is obtained with each percent of juice extraction from the filters, the capacities of both plants are optimized taking into account the VAN, TIR and PRD economic indicators, and the gains obtained with each plant are analyzed with respect to to the losses of raw sugar that the plant will face with this percentage of extraction.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Industria Azucarera, Levadura Torula, Extracción de Jugo, Balance de Materiales y Energía, Diseño