Análisis del uso de energía en el central azucarero Uruguay
Fecha
2021
Autores
Echemendia Linares, Cesar David
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Editor
Universidad Central ‘‘Marta Abreu’’ de Las Villas. Facultad de Química y Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
La identificación de las áreas de mayores consumos energéticos, de gastos de recursos energéticos asociados a las pérdidas del calor y la determinación de los indicadores de desempeño energético en la industria azucarera, contribuyen a establecer un plan de mejoras tecnológicas para el incremento de la eficiencia y sostenibilidad de la industria. El objetivo es evaluar el sistema energético, mediante la aplicación de sistemas de gestión de la energía. Sustentado en la norma cubana ISO 50001 se aplica un procedimiento mejorado de análisis de la energía que incluye la metodología general del balance termoenergético en procesos de producción de azúcar. Los indicadores de desempeño energético propuestos contribuyen a un mejor control del proceso y al establecimiento de una línea base energética, no definida actualmente. Hay un uso inapropiado de la energía del vapor, dado que el consumo de vapor requerido por el proceso es solo el 65,8% de la capacidad de generación de vapor instalada. Existe un comportamiento inestable de la molienda, producción de azúcar, la generación y el consumo de electricidad durante todo el período de zafra, lo cual dificulta la adopción de indicadores de desempeño energético para una línea base energética. Se estima un ahorro potencial anual de recursos energéticos con un valor de 2 041 555 CUP que permite evaluar la factibilidad de proyectos de inversión en mejoras en el uso de la energía.
The identification of the areas with the highest energy consumption, energy resource expenditures associated with heat losses, and the determination of energy performance indicators in the sugar industry, contributes to establishing a plan for technological improvements, for increased efficiency and sustainability of the industry. The objective is to evaluate the energy system, through the application of energy management systems. Based on the Cuban standard ISO 50001, an improved energy analysis procedure is applied that includes the general methodology of thermoenergetic balance in sugar production processes. The proposed energy performance indicators contribute to better control of the process and the establishment of an energy baseline, not currently defined. There is an inappropriate use of steam energy, since the steam consumption required by the process is only 65.8% of the installed steam generation capacity. There is an unstable behavior of milling, sugar production, electricity generation and consumption throughout the harvest period, which makes it difficult to adopt energy performance indicators for an energy baseline. A potential annual saving of energy resources is estimated with a value of 2 041 555 CUP that allows evaluating the feasibility of investment projects in improvements in the use of energy.
The identification of the areas with the highest energy consumption, energy resource expenditures associated with heat losses, and the determination of energy performance indicators in the sugar industry, contributes to establishing a plan for technological improvements, for increased efficiency and sustainability of the industry. The objective is to evaluate the energy system, through the application of energy management systems. Based on the Cuban standard ISO 50001, an improved energy analysis procedure is applied that includes the general methodology of thermoenergetic balance in sugar production processes. The proposed energy performance indicators contribute to better control of the process and the establishment of an energy baseline, not currently defined. There is an inappropriate use of steam energy, since the steam consumption required by the process is only 65.8% of the installed steam generation capacity. There is an unstable behavior of milling, sugar production, electricity generation and consumption throughout the harvest period, which makes it difficult to adopt energy performance indicators for an energy baseline. A potential annual saving of energy resources is estimated with a value of 2 041 555 CUP that allows evaluating the feasibility of investment projects in improvements in the use of energy.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Industria Azucarera, Caña de Azúcar, Gestión Energética, Sistema de Gestión de la Energía (SGE), Norma Cubana ISO 50001