El Art Decó en la arquitectura del Centro Histórico de Cienfuegos
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Fecha
2010-06-28
Autores
Barrera García, Anabel
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
La ciudad de Cienfuegos cuenta con un valioso patrimonio construido, dentro del cual se incluyen los inmuebles con arquitectura Art Decó. Las investigaciones sobre el tema se limitan a algunos artículos sin publicar, que comprenden la localidad en general. No existen trabajos de inventario actualizados ni caracterización del patrimonio edificado, que posibiliten su conocimiento y conservación, por lo que la presente investigación titulada: “El Art Decó en la arquitectura del Centro Histórico de Cienfuegos”, tiene como objetivo caracterizar la arquitectura Art Decó, cuyo resultado se convierta en un instrumento para conocer y conservar las edificaciones construidas bajo estos códigos arquitectónicos. A través de una revisión bibliográfica especializada se analizaron definiciones, características, orígenes y evolución del Art Decó y su influencia en el continente americano, además se estudió la evolución de la ciudad de Cienfuegos en los aspectos económico, social, urbanístico y arquitectónicos hasta la década del cincuenta, las generalidades del Art Decó en la arquitectura cienfueguera y su presencia en otras manifestaciones artísticas.
Mediante la observación documental y de campo, se ubicaron las edificaciones Art Decó en el Centro Histórico de la ciudad y se sintetizaron los datos obtenidos en fichas técnicas y en estudios detallados a los inmuebles más significativos, información que contribuyó a la caracterización de este tipo de arquitectura. De esta manera, se pudo arribar a las conclusiones que dan respuesta a los objetivos trazados y a recomendaciones que propicien la implementación y continuidad de la investigación.
The city of Cienfuegos has a valuable architectural patrimony, which includes properties in the Art Deco style. The investigations on the topic are limited to some unpublished researches about the town in general. There are no updated inventory papers or any characterization of the built patrimony to facilitate its knowledge and conservation. This is why the investigation entitled "The Art Deco style in the architecture of Cienfuegos Historical Center" is aimed at characterizing the Art Deco architecture in Cienfuegos in order to provide an aid to know and to conserve the buildings representative of these architectural codes. Definitions, characteristics, origins and evolution of the Art Deco style and its influence in the Americas were analyzed by means of a specialized bibliographic revision. The economic, social and architectural evolution and the urban development of Cienfuegos city until the fifties as well as the Art Deco characteristics in Cienfuegos architecture and its presence in other artistic manifestations were also studied. The constructions in the Art Deco style of the Historical Center were located with the aid of a documentary observation and an examination of the area. The collected data were synthesized in technical specifications and detailed studies of the most significant properties. All this information provided the characterization of this architectural code. Thus, conclusions which respond to the intended objectives were reached and recommendations to foster the implementation and continuity of the investigation were given.
The city of Cienfuegos has a valuable architectural patrimony, which includes properties in the Art Deco style. The investigations on the topic are limited to some unpublished researches about the town in general. There are no updated inventory papers or any characterization of the built patrimony to facilitate its knowledge and conservation. This is why the investigation entitled "The Art Deco style in the architecture of Cienfuegos Historical Center" is aimed at characterizing the Art Deco architecture in Cienfuegos in order to provide an aid to know and to conserve the buildings representative of these architectural codes. Definitions, characteristics, origins and evolution of the Art Deco style and its influence in the Americas were analyzed by means of a specialized bibliographic revision. The economic, social and architectural evolution and the urban development of Cienfuegos city until the fifties as well as the Art Deco characteristics in Cienfuegos architecture and its presence in other artistic manifestations were also studied. The constructions in the Art Deco style of the Historical Center were located with the aid of a documentary observation and an examination of the area. The collected data were synthesized in technical specifications and detailed studies of the most significant properties. All this information provided the characterization of this architectural code. Thus, conclusions which respond to the intended objectives were reached and recommendations to foster the implementation and continuity of the investigation were given.
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Palabras clave
Arquitectura Art Decó, Edificaciones Arquitectónicas, Centro Histórico de Cienfuegos, Center, Buildings