Caracterización del conocimiento sobre la demencia en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios cubanos
Fecha
2021-11
Autores
Sarduy Torres, Danayrys
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
Introducción: El aumento de la esperanza de vida y los diagnósticos de demencia exigen la realización de investigaciones que exploren el conocimiento público sobre la demencia y su prevención. La población universitaria se considera un grupo de riesgo con el cual se deben realizar acciones de tipo preventivo, debido a su exposición a diversos factores que predisponen la adopción de conductas nocivas para la salud.
Objetivo: Caracterizar los conocimientos sobre la demencia y su prevención en una muestra de
estudiantes universitarios cubanos.
Método: Se diseñó un estudio transversal, mediante la encuesta online a 124 estudiantes universitarios utilizando el software gratuito Google Forms; empleando la Encuesta de Conocimiento sobre la Demencia (DKAS-Sp) y la Encuesta de necesidades psicoeducativas. Se realizó el análisis de frecuencia a través de cálculos porcentuales y un análisis cualitativo clásico para dos de los ítems.
Resultados: Los estudiantes poseen un conocimiento empobrecido sobre la demencia y su prevención con una media de 24 puntos. Mostraron mayor dominio del conocimiento sobre los cuidados del paciente con demencia. La comunicación y el comportamiento de los pacientes obtuvieron los peores resultados. En su mayoría manifestaron tener un conocimiento pobre sobre la enfermedad, pero estar interesados en aprender más sobre ella.
Conclusiones: Aunque la demencia constituye un problema sanitario importante, todavía no se tienen los conocimientos necesarios sobre la enfermedad y su prevención. Los resultados propician futuras investigaciones e intervenciones dirigidas a potenciar dicho conocimiento.
Background: Increased life expectancy and dementia diagnoses require to explore public knowledge about dementia and its prevention. The university population is considered a risk group with which preventive actions should be carried out, due to their exposure to various factors that predispose the adoption of harmful behaviors for health. Aim: To characterize the knowledge about dementia and its prevention in a sample of Cuban university students. Method: A cross-sectional study was designed through an online survey of 124 university students using the free Google Forms software; using the Survey of Knowledge on Dementia (DKAS-Sp) and the Survey of psychoeducational needs. The frequency analysis through percentage calculations and a classical qualitative analysis for two of the items were performed. Results: The students have an impoverished knowledge about dementia and its prevention with an average of 24 points. They showed greater knowledge about the care of patients with dementia. Communication and patient behavior had the worst results. Most of participants said they had poor knowledge about the disease, but were interested in learning more about it. Conclusions: Although dementia is an important health problem, the necessary knowledge about the disease and its prevention is not yet available. The results will lead to future research and interventions aimed at enhancing this knowledge
Background: Increased life expectancy and dementia diagnoses require to explore public knowledge about dementia and its prevention. The university population is considered a risk group with which preventive actions should be carried out, due to their exposure to various factors that predispose the adoption of harmful behaviors for health. Aim: To characterize the knowledge about dementia and its prevention in a sample of Cuban university students. Method: A cross-sectional study was designed through an online survey of 124 university students using the free Google Forms software; using the Survey of Knowledge on Dementia (DKAS-Sp) and the Survey of psychoeducational needs. The frequency analysis through percentage calculations and a classical qualitative analysis for two of the items were performed. Results: The students have an impoverished knowledge about dementia and its prevention with an average of 24 points. They showed greater knowledge about the care of patients with dementia. Communication and patient behavior had the worst results. Most of participants said they had poor knowledge about the disease, but were interested in learning more about it. Conclusions: Although dementia is an important health problem, the necessary knowledge about the disease and its prevention is not yet available. The results will lead to future research and interventions aimed at enhancing this knowledge
Descripción
Palabras clave
Prevención de demencia, Promoción de salud, Conocimiento sobre demencia, Estudiantes universitarios, Dementia prevention, Health promotion, Knowledge about dementia, University students