Guía Psicoeducativa para familiares de niños (as) con enfermedad oncológica.
Fecha
2011-06-25
Autores
Alvarez Valdivia, Yamilet
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ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de las Villas
Resumen
La investigación se realizó en el período comprendido de enero a junio de 2011, con el objetivo de elaborar una Guía Psicoeducativa orientada a satisfacer las necesidades psicoeducativas de la familia de niños (as) con enfermedad oncológica. Se desarrolló bajo un paradigma de investigación mixto, con un diseño de enfoque dominante o principal, predominantemente cuantitativo, con el uso de recursos cualitativos; teniendo en cuenta un tipo de estudio exploratorio-descriptivo. Se trabajó con una población de ocho especialistas y una muestra de 30 familiares, de la Sala de Oncología/Hematología del Hospital Pediátrico Universitario “José Luis Miranda” de Santa Clara. Para la recogida de
la información, se emplearon diferentes métodos y técnicas como: métodos teóricos
(análisis y síntesis, inducción y deducción, análisis histórico y lógico), la entrevista
psicológica semiestructurada, el juicio de especialistas, el criterio de usuarios, la
observación y la triangulación. El análisis de los datos se realizó a partir de la estadística descriptiva, utilizando la triangulación de fuente y de dato. La Guía Psicoeducativa se elaboró teniendo en cuenta cuatro categorías: conocimiento de la enfermedad, apoyo emocional, fomentando la atención psicológica; características del tratamiento, unido a la orientación y preparación para el cuidado del paciente. En esta investigación se desarrollaron las dos primeras categorías antes referidas; siendo valoradas desde el juicio de los especialistas y criterio de usuario. En función de estos resultados se plasman recomendaciones orientadas a la continuación de la investigación referido a la validación de la misma.
The investigation was carried out in the understood time of January until June of 2011, with the objective of elaborating a Guide Psicoeducativa for the relatives of patient of the service of Oncopediatría on the base of the diagnosis of the relative's necessities that is under the care of the patient, and from the perspective of the specialists in charge of the service, in relation to this. It was developed under a mixed investigation paradigm, with a design in parallel, together to a type of exploratory-descriptive study. Through a sampling non probabilistic and incidental, one worked with a population of eight specialists and a sample of 30 relatives, located in the Pediatric Hospital "José Luis Miranda" of Santa Clara. For the collection of the information, such methods of theoretical level were used as: the analysis and the synthesis, the induction and the deduction, the historical analysis and the logical one and of the empiric level: the interview psychological semiestructurada, the participant observation, questionnaire and the analysis of official documents, using the clinical history. In analysis of the data he/she was carried out starting from the descriptive statistic, using the triangulation. The Guide Psicoeducativa was elaborated keeping in mind four fundamental categories: knowledge of the illness; emotional support, fomenting the psychological attention; characteristic of the treatment and; orientation and preparation for the patient's care; developing in this investigation both first before referred. Finally, in function of this result recommendations are captured guided to the continuation of the investigation referred to the validation of the same one.
The investigation was carried out in the understood time of January until June of 2011, with the objective of elaborating a Guide Psicoeducativa for the relatives of patient of the service of Oncopediatría on the base of the diagnosis of the relative's necessities that is under the care of the patient, and from the perspective of the specialists in charge of the service, in relation to this. It was developed under a mixed investigation paradigm, with a design in parallel, together to a type of exploratory-descriptive study. Through a sampling non probabilistic and incidental, one worked with a population of eight specialists and a sample of 30 relatives, located in the Pediatric Hospital "José Luis Miranda" of Santa Clara. For the collection of the information, such methods of theoretical level were used as: the analysis and the synthesis, the induction and the deduction, the historical analysis and the logical one and of the empiric level: the interview psychological semiestructurada, the participant observation, questionnaire and the analysis of official documents, using the clinical history. In analysis of the data he/she was carried out starting from the descriptive statistic, using the triangulation. The Guide Psicoeducativa was elaborated keeping in mind four fundamental categories: knowledge of the illness; emotional support, fomenting the psychological attention; characteristic of the treatment and; orientation and preparation for the patient's care; developing in this investigation both first before referred. Finally, in function of this result recommendations are captured guided to the continuation of the investigation referred to the validation of the same one.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Cáncer Infantil, Familia, Guia Psicoeducativa, Infantile Cancer, Family, Psicoeducativa Guides