Evaluación de un sistema experimental piloto para el cultivo intensivo de la macroalga marina Ulva Lactuca
Fecha
2013-06-25
Autores
Segura Pulido, Yenisbel
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
El presente trabajo se lleva a cabo con el objetivo de evaluar el cultivo de la macroalga marina
Ulva lactuca como etapa inicial en el desarrollo de una tecnología de cultivo intensivo, mediante la
cual el dióxido de carbono emitido por las industrias de la región se utiliza en el crecimiento
acelerado de las macroalgas; las cuales pueden aportar grandes cantidades de biomasa, que
constituye una fuente de productos alimenticios, químicos y combustibles. El estudio se realiza
a escala de laboratorio y piloto; con agua de mar natural y la incorporación de nutrientes y aire
atmosférico. Para el sistema de biorreacción se propone un biorreactor cilíndrico con agitación y
operación continua, teniendo en cuenta como parámetros fundamentales para el sistema de
biorreacción a escala de laboratorio, la geometría del reactor y del areador y a escala piloto la
relación diámetro/altura y flujo de aire.
Se realiza el análisis de las principales variables físico-químicas a tener en cuenta en este tipo de
proceso, a partir de la medición por métodos gravimétricos de las concentraciones de los
fundamentales nutrientes necesarios para el crecimiento de la planta como nitratos, nitritos,
fosfatos y oxígeno disuelto, determinando además la generación de biomasa.
Se estima de forma preliminar el costo de producción de la biomasa algal y los ingresos por venta a
partir de experiencias internacionales en el uso del alga para la obtención de portadores energéticos.
The present work is performed with the objective of assessing Ulva lactuca seaweed culture as an initial stage in the development of a technology of intensive culture, whereby the carbon dioxide emitted by the industries of the region is used in accelerated growth of macroalgae, which can bring large amounts of biomass, which is a source of food, chemicals and fuels. The study was conducted at laboratory and pilot scale, with natural sea water and nutrient uptake and atmospheric air. For bioreaction system a cylindrical bioreactor with stirring and continuous operation is proposed, considering as fundamental parameters for bioreaction system laboratory scale, the reactor geometry and the aerator and pilot scale the diameter / height ratio and air flow. Analysis of the main physico-chemical variables to consider in this type of process is performed by gravimetric measurement of the concentrations of the nutrients essential for plant growth such as nitrates, nitrites, phosphates and dissolved oxygen, also determining the generation of biomass. the cost of algal biomass production and sales revenues is preliminarily estimated from international experiences in the use of algae for the production of energy carriers.
The present work is performed with the objective of assessing Ulva lactuca seaweed culture as an initial stage in the development of a technology of intensive culture, whereby the carbon dioxide emitted by the industries of the region is used in accelerated growth of macroalgae, which can bring large amounts of biomass, which is a source of food, chemicals and fuels. The study was conducted at laboratory and pilot scale, with natural sea water and nutrient uptake and atmospheric air. For bioreaction system a cylindrical bioreactor with stirring and continuous operation is proposed, considering as fundamental parameters for bioreaction system laboratory scale, the reactor geometry and the aerator and pilot scale the diameter / height ratio and air flow. Analysis of the main physico-chemical variables to consider in this type of process is performed by gravimetric measurement of the concentrations of the nutrients essential for plant growth such as nitrates, nitrites, phosphates and dissolved oxygen, also determining the generation of biomass. the cost of algal biomass production and sales revenues is preliminarily estimated from international experiences in the use of algae for the production of energy carriers.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Macroalga Marina, Ulva lactuca, Medios de Cultivo, Técnicas de Cultivo, Culture Techniques, Culture Media