Programa de educación para la salud para la formación de estudiantes universitarios como promotores de la donación de órganos.
Fecha
2010-07-20
Autores
Morales Mendieta, Susana
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas
Resumen
Este estudio parte de la necesidad existente de aumentar la tasa de donación de órganos en la población, para salvar la vida de miles de pacientes que están en la espera de un órgano.
La investigación se desarrolla con un paradigma mixto, de enfoque dominante; su objetivo es diseñar un Programa de educación para la salud para la formación de estudiantes universitarios como promotores de la donación de órganos en sus familias.
La presente investigación se desarrolló en el período de marzo a junio de 2010. En la etapa de diagnóstico, la muestra estuvo conformada por un total de 190 estudiantes pertenecientes a la Universidad Central, seleccionados a través de un muestreo probabilístico estratificado. En el diagnóstico se identificaron los niveles de información y aceptación de los estudiantes con relación a la temática, así como los recursos del contexto universitario para el apoyo del programa. Para dar cumplimiento a este objetivo se emplearon técnicas como: la entrevista semiestructurada y el cuestionario. A partir de los resultados del diagnóstico se diseñó el Programa de educación para la salud para la formación de estudiantes universitarios como promotores de la donación de órganos en sus familias.
Inmediatamente el programa se sometió a evaluación mediante el juicio de 15 profesionales seleccionados de forma intencional.
El análisis de los resultados se realizó tanto de forma cualitativa como cuantitativa, en caso de esta última valiéndose del programa estadístico SPSS para Windows.
Los resultados obtenidos señalan que la muestra diagosticada presenta altos niveles de aceptación hacia la donación de órganos sustentada en insuficientes niveles de información.
Se evidenció la efectividad del programa propuesto a partir de la evaluación satisfactoria de los profesionales, no obstante, las sugerencias emitidas por los evaluadores, sirvieron para perfeccionar el programa.
This study leaves of the existent necessity of increasing the rate of donation of organs in the population, to save the life of patients' thousands that you/they are awaiting an organ. The investigation is developed with a mixed paradigm, of dominant focus; their objective is to design an education Program for the health for the formation of university students as promoters of the donation of organs in its families. The present investigation was developed in the period of March to June of 2010. In the stage of diagnostic, the sample was conformed by a total of 190 students belonging to the Central University, selected through a sampling stratified probability. In the diagnosis the levels of information and the students' acceptance were identified with relationship to the thematic one, as well as the resources of the university context for the support of the program. To give execution to this objective they were used technical as: the interview semi structured and the questionnaire. Starting from the results of the diagnosis the education Program was designed for the health for the formation of university students as promoters of the donation of organs in its families. Immediately the program underwent evaluation by means of the trial of 15 selected professionals in an intentional way. The analysis of the results was carried out so much in a qualitative way as quantitative, in the event of this last one being been worth of the statistical program SPSS for Windows. The obtained results point out that the sample Diagnostic ate presents high levels of acceptance toward the donation of organs sustained in insufficient levels of information. The effectiveness of the program was evidenced proposed starting from the satisfactory evaluation of the professionals, nevertheless, the suggestions emitted by the appraisers, were good to perfect the program.
This study leaves of the existent necessity of increasing the rate of donation of organs in the population, to save the life of patients' thousands that you/they are awaiting an organ. The investigation is developed with a mixed paradigm, of dominant focus; their objective is to design an education Program for the health for the formation of university students as promoters of the donation of organs in its families. The present investigation was developed in the period of March to June of 2010. In the stage of diagnostic, the sample was conformed by a total of 190 students belonging to the Central University, selected through a sampling stratified probability. In the diagnosis the levels of information and the students' acceptance were identified with relationship to the thematic one, as well as the resources of the university context for the support of the program. To give execution to this objective they were used technical as: the interview semi structured and the questionnaire. Starting from the results of the diagnosis the education Program was designed for the health for the formation of university students as promoters of the donation of organs in its families. Immediately the program underwent evaluation by means of the trial of 15 selected professionals in an intentional way. The analysis of the results was carried out so much in a qualitative way as quantitative, in the event of this last one being been worth of the statistical program SPSS for Windows. The obtained results point out that the sample Diagnostic ate presents high levels of acceptance toward the donation of organs sustained in insufficient levels of information. The effectiveness of the program was evidenced proposed starting from the satisfactory evaluation of the professionals, nevertheless, the suggestions emitted by the appraisers, were good to perfect the program.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Donación de Organos, Programa de Educación, Educational Program, Organ Donation