Evaluación de la calidad de la guía psicoeducativa para el cuidador principal de pacientes oncológicos en estadíos III y IV, en tratamiento quimioterapéutico.
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Fecha
2010-06-25
Autores
Medina Estrada, Yudisel
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas
Resumen
La investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar la calidad de la Guía Psicoeducativa para los cuidadores principales de pacientes oncológicos en estadios III y IV de la enfermedad, con tratamiento quimioterapéutico.
Se desarrolló bajo un paradigma de investigación cualitativo- cuantitativo, asumiendo un tipo de estudio no experimental, descriptivo y transversal. A través de un muestreo no probabilístico e incidental, se seleccionaron 31 sujetos, de ellos 25 cuidadores principales y 6 profesionales, del Hospital “Celestino Hernández Robau”, perteneciente a la ciudad de Santa Clara, lugar donde se trabajó desde mayo hasta junio de 2010.
Para la recogida de la información, se emplearon métodos de nivel teórico tales como: el análisis–síntesis y la inducción–deducción y de nivel empírico: la entrevista psicológica semiestructurada y el análisis de documentos.
Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados desde el punto de vista cualitativo y cuantitativo,
utilizando la triangulación de fuentes y la estadística descriptiva.
De los resultados más relevantes alcanzados se debe señalar que la Guía Psicoeducativa para los cuidadores principales de pacientes oncológicos en estadíos III y IV, con tratamiento quimioterapéutico, posee calidad, en tanto las características inherentes de esta, satisfacen los requisitos de necesidades y expectativas del cuidador principal, sugiriendo un elevado grado de satisfacción del sujeto con el producto de salud elaborado. De acuerdo con la valoración emitida por los usuarios la Guía Psicoeducativa posee calidad percibida y objetiva, en tanto se constituye en una guía informativa, orientadora y necesaria para optimizar el acto de cuidar.
Finalmente, en función de este resultado se plasman recomendaciones orientadas a la
divulgación del producto de salud elaborado y a la continuidad de la investigación en el
ámbito de la atención al paciente oncológico, abarcando otras solicitudes de la misma.
The present research has as objective the evaluation of the quality of the Psycho-educative Guide for care-takers of oncological patients in the steps III and IV of the disease with chemotherapeutic treatment. It was developed under a pattern of the qualitative- quantitative investigation, assuming a non-experimental, descriptive and transversal kind of study. Through a non-probabilistic and incidental sample-selecting method, 31 subjects were chosen: 25 attendants and 6 professionals of the hospital “Celestino Hernandez Robau”, of the locality of Santa Clara, the place where the research was developed since May to June of 2010. In order to pick the information, method of theoretical level were used, such as the analysissynthesis and the induction-deduction and of empirical level such as the psychological semistructured interview and the analysis of papers. The data was analyzed from the qualitative and quantitative standpoints, using for that purpose the triangulation of sources and the descriptive statistical. From the most relevant results, it is to be pointed out that the Psycho-educative Guide destined for main care-takers of oncological patients in steps III and IV, with chemotherapeutic treatment has quality, in view that the inherent characteristics of it satisfy the required necessities and expectations of the main care-takers, suggesting a high degree of satisfaction of the subject with the elaborated health-product. According to the emitted evaluation of the users of the Psycho-educative Guide, it possesses perceived and objective quality, because it becomes in an informative, orienting and necessary guide in order to optimize the act of caring. Finally there are written recommendations directed to spread the Guide and to the continuity of the research in the area of the attention of the patient, comprising other solicitudes of itself.
The present research has as objective the evaluation of the quality of the Psycho-educative Guide for care-takers of oncological patients in the steps III and IV of the disease with chemotherapeutic treatment. It was developed under a pattern of the qualitative- quantitative investigation, assuming a non-experimental, descriptive and transversal kind of study. Through a non-probabilistic and incidental sample-selecting method, 31 subjects were chosen: 25 attendants and 6 professionals of the hospital “Celestino Hernandez Robau”, of the locality of Santa Clara, the place where the research was developed since May to June of 2010. In order to pick the information, method of theoretical level were used, such as the analysissynthesis and the induction-deduction and of empirical level such as the psychological semistructured interview and the analysis of papers. The data was analyzed from the qualitative and quantitative standpoints, using for that purpose the triangulation of sources and the descriptive statistical. From the most relevant results, it is to be pointed out that the Psycho-educative Guide destined for main care-takers of oncological patients in steps III and IV, with chemotherapeutic treatment has quality, in view that the inherent characteristics of it satisfy the required necessities and expectations of the main care-takers, suggesting a high degree of satisfaction of the subject with the elaborated health-product. According to the emitted evaluation of the users of the Psycho-educative Guide, it possesses perceived and objective quality, because it becomes in an informative, orienting and necessary guide in order to optimize the act of caring. Finally there are written recommendations directed to spread the Guide and to the continuity of the research in the area of the attention of the patient, comprising other solicitudes of itself.
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Palabras clave
Cancer, Cuidador Principal, Guia Psicoeducativa