Análisis de alternativas para la utilización del cloro y sus derivados en la producción de coagulantes
Fecha
2016
Autores
Cabrera Ferrán, Pablo
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Química Farmacia. Departamento de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar técnica y económicamente la asimilación de nuevas tecnologías de derivados del cloro, dada la necesidad impetuosa de la empresa Electroquímica de Sagua de buscarle un uso y destino al cloro sobrante y la diversificación de sus producciones con la implementación y uso de coagulantes en su utilización en el tratamiento de aguas y aguas residuales. Se estudiaron las tecnologías de obtención de cloruro férrico y policloruro de aluminio (PAC), con la determinación de los balances de masa y energía, y la termodinámica del proceso. Se planteó la simulación en Aspen Plus del proceso de obtención de cloruro férrico, para poder estudiar el comportamiento del proceso y la manipulación de las principales variables del mismo. Los modelos simulados responden satisfactoriamente al proceso y se realiza un análisis de sensibilidad de los flujos de materias primas y productos finales a partir de los rangos establecidos, según las posibilidades de asimilación y adaptación en la empresa. Si bien el análisis económico es preliminar para las propuestas tecnologías, los resultados son favorables, toda vez que se incorporan nuevos productos coagulantes que satisfacen por concepto de ahorro, dándole un uso y destino a las producciones sobrantes y disponibles como son el cloro y ácido clorhídrico.
The present work has as objective to evaluate technically and economically the assimilation of new technologies chlorine derivatives, given the impetuous need for Electrochemistry Company of Sagua of seeking use and destination excess chlorine and diversification of their production with the implementation and use coagulant in use in water treatment and wastewater. Technologies for obtaining ferric chloride and poly aluminum chloride (PAC), with the determination of the mass and energy balances, and the thermodynamics of the process were studied. Aspen Plus simulation in the process of obtaining ferric chloride was raised to study the behavior of the process and the handling of main variables of the same. The simulated models respond satisfactorily to the process and a sensitivity analysis of the flows of raw materials and final ranges from established products is performed, according to the possibilities of assimilation and adaptation in the company. While economic analysis is preliminary for the proposed technologies, the results are favorable, since new coagulant products meeting by saving concept, giving it a use and destination of the surplus available productions such as chlorine and hydrochloric acid are incorporated.
The present work has as objective to evaluate technically and economically the assimilation of new technologies chlorine derivatives, given the impetuous need for Electrochemistry Company of Sagua of seeking use and destination excess chlorine and diversification of their production with the implementation and use coagulant in use in water treatment and wastewater. Technologies for obtaining ferric chloride and poly aluminum chloride (PAC), with the determination of the mass and energy balances, and the thermodynamics of the process were studied. Aspen Plus simulation in the process of obtaining ferric chloride was raised to study the behavior of the process and the handling of main variables of the same. The simulated models respond satisfactorily to the process and a sensitivity analysis of the flows of raw materials and final ranges from established products is performed, according to the possibilities of assimilation and adaptation in the company. While economic analysis is preliminary for the proposed technologies, the results are favorable, since new coagulant products meeting by saving concept, giving it a use and destination of the surplus available productions such as chlorine and hydrochloric acid are incorporated.
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Palabras clave
Empresa Electroquímica de Sagua (ELQUIM), Industria del Cloro, Simulación de Procesos, Industria Química