Patrones de segregación de la comunidad de lagartos terrestres diurnos en cayo Paredón Grande, archipiélago Sabana-Camagüey, Cuba
Fecha
2017-07-05
Autores
González Pérez, Dianelys
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu “ de Las Villas. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Departamento de Biología
Resumen
Las perturbaciones locales o pérdida de hábitat pueden provocar cambios en los patrones
de segregación del nicho de los lagartos. En la presente investigación, se evalúan los
patrones de segregación de lagartos terrestres diurnos del matorral xeromorfo sobre arena
fragmentado por caminos en cayo Paredón Grande. Para ello, se realizaron tres muestreos
en los meses junio, octubre y febrero en 2016- 2017 entre las 9:00 y 13:00 horas. Se
marcaron 14 transectos en banda de 800m2, donde se anotaron los individuos avistados
de cada especie, la altura y diámetro de percha, estrato, sustrato y grado de iluminación
en la que se encontraban. La especie más abundante es Anolis jubar y la comparación
mensual de las abundancia mostró diferencias significativas para las especies A. jubar y
A. sagrei con un aumento de la abundancia de la primera en los meses junio y octubre.
La abundancia de A. sagrei sin embargo aumenta en el período menos lluvioso al parecer
por la tolerancia de esta especie a condiciones del hábitat y a que disminuye la interacción
competitiva que se establece con A. jubar en el período lluvioso. Los índices de diversidad
mostraron que los transectos de mayor valor de riqueza estaban asociados a los bordes de
la vegetación y aquellos con abundancia de Coccothrinax littoralis que le ofrece mayor
cantidad de estratos verticales para ocupar. En general se encontraron altos valores de
superposición ya que las especies usan de forma semejante los recursos aunque exista
cierta segregación en cuanto al uso de algún recurso lo que permite disminuir las
interacciones competitivas entre ellas. A. sagrei es una especie generalista, que utiliza
todos los estratos y grados de iluminación de manera semejante por lo que mostró
mayores valores de índice de amplitud del nicho. No obstante las especies con menor
amplitud de nicho pueden ser afectadas cuando los recursos que utilizan son eliminados
por la pérdida de hábitat
Local disturbances or habitat loss can cause changes in lizard niche segregation patterns. In the present investigation, the patterns of segregation of daytime terrestrial lizards of the xeromorphic scrubland on sand fragmented by roads in Paredon Grande Cay, are evaluated. For this, three samplings were carried out in the months of June, October and February in 2016-2017 between 9:00 and 13:00 hours. A total of 14 transects were recorded in 800m2 band, where the sighted individuals of each species were recorded, height and diameter of percha, stratum, substrate and degree of illumination in which they were found. The most abundant species is Anolis jubar and the monthly comparison of abundance showed significant differences for A. jubar and A. sagrei species with an increase in abundance of the first in the months of June and October. The abundance of A. sagrei, however, increases in the least rainy period, apparently due to the tolerance of this species to habitat conditions and to the decrease in the competitive interaction established with A. jubar in the rainy season. Diversity indexes showed that the transects with the highest value of richness were associated with the borders of vegetation and those with abundance of Coccothrinax littoralis, which offers them more vertical strata to occupy. In general, high values of overlap have been found since species use resources in a similar way although there is some segregation in terms of the use of some resource which allows to diminish the competitive interactions between them. A. sagrei is a general species, which uses all strata and degrees of illumination in a similar way so it showed higher values of amplitude index of the niche. However, species with lesser amplitude of niche can be affected when the resources that they use are eliminated by the loss of habitat.
Local disturbances or habitat loss can cause changes in lizard niche segregation patterns. In the present investigation, the patterns of segregation of daytime terrestrial lizards of the xeromorphic scrubland on sand fragmented by roads in Paredon Grande Cay, are evaluated. For this, three samplings were carried out in the months of June, October and February in 2016-2017 between 9:00 and 13:00 hours. A total of 14 transects were recorded in 800m2 band, where the sighted individuals of each species were recorded, height and diameter of percha, stratum, substrate and degree of illumination in which they were found. The most abundant species is Anolis jubar and the monthly comparison of abundance showed significant differences for A. jubar and A. sagrei species with an increase in abundance of the first in the months of June and October. The abundance of A. sagrei, however, increases in the least rainy period, apparently due to the tolerance of this species to habitat conditions and to the decrease in the competitive interaction established with A. jubar in the rainy season. Diversity indexes showed that the transects with the highest value of richness were associated with the borders of vegetation and those with abundance of Coccothrinax littoralis, which offers them more vertical strata to occupy. In general, high values of overlap have been found since species use resources in a similar way although there is some segregation in terms of the use of some resource which allows to diminish the competitive interactions between them. A. sagrei is a general species, which uses all strata and degrees of illumination in a similar way so it showed higher values of amplitude index of the niche. However, species with lesser amplitude of niche can be affected when the resources that they use are eliminated by the loss of habitat.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Lagartos, Nicho, Archipiélago Sabana-Camagüey