Adaptación del inventario SISCO del estrés académico en estudiantes universitarios cubanos de Ciencias Médicas.
Fecha
2013-05-18
Autores
Alfonso Aguila, Belkis
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas
Resumen
La presente investigación aborda el problema del estrés que experimentan los alumnos en los niveles superiores de enseñanza vinculado a las características y exigencias del entorno académico. El objetivo del estudio fue validar el Inventario SISCO del estrés académico en estudiantes universitarios cubanos de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara.
Se realizó un estudio instrumental con la aplicación del SISCO mediante un muestreo probabilístico estratificado por racimos. La muestra estuvo conformada por 170 estudiantes de primero, tercero y quinto año.
Entre los principales resultados se destacan la alta confiabilidad del cuestionario así
como la consistencia interna manifestación de la validez del mismo. El inventario arrojó como resultados el predominio de estrés académico moderado en la población, siendo mayor en las mujeres. Las situaciones estresantes que sobresalen son las evaluaciones, tiempo limitado para realizar el trabajo que piden los profesores, sobrecarga de tareas extra clases y trabajos independientes, tipo de trabajo que piden los profesores y participación en clases. Las reacciones psicológicas predominaron por encima de las físicas y comportamentales. Las estrategias más frecuentes fueron: la habilidad asertiva, la elaboración de un plan y ejecución de sus tareas, la ventilación y confidencias. Existieron diferencias significativas entre los años académicos y los componentes del estrés académico, con una disminución de la significación durante el tránsito de los alumnos por los años de la carrera. Los resultados obtenidos de la investigación avalan la utilidad del Inventario SISCO para evaluar el estrés académico en estudiantes universitarios cubanos.
The present investigation is an approach to the problem of the stress that pupils in superior levels linked to the characteristics and requirements of the academic surroundings experience . The objective of the study was to validate the Inventory SISCO of the academic stress in cuban universitary students of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara province. A probabilistic instrumental study sampling accomplished with the SISCO's application stratified in clusters. The sample was shaped by 170 students of first, third and fifth year. Among the principal results they emphasized the high reliability of the questionnaire and in the same way the internal consistency showed as validity of this research. The inventory emits as results the predominance of moderated academic stress in the population, being bigger in women. The stress- situations that stand out are the evaluations, limited time to accomplish the work that professors ask, overloading of extra classroom tasks and independent works, kind of work to do and the participation in class that teachers demand for. The psychological reactions predominated over the physics and behaves. The most frequent strategies were : Assertive ability, the elaboration of a plan and execution of its tasks, the ventilation and confidences. There were significant differences among academic years and the components of the academic stress with a decrease in significance during the transit of the pupils in their career. The results obtained in the investigation gives utility of the Inventory SISCO in order to evaluate the academic stress in cuban universitary students.
The present investigation is an approach to the problem of the stress that pupils in superior levels linked to the characteristics and requirements of the academic surroundings experience . The objective of the study was to validate the Inventory SISCO of the academic stress in cuban universitary students of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara province. A probabilistic instrumental study sampling accomplished with the SISCO's application stratified in clusters. The sample was shaped by 170 students of first, third and fifth year. Among the principal results they emphasized the high reliability of the questionnaire and in the same way the internal consistency showed as validity of this research. The inventory emits as results the predominance of moderated academic stress in the population, being bigger in women. The stress- situations that stand out are the evaluations, limited time to accomplish the work that professors ask, overloading of extra classroom tasks and independent works, kind of work to do and the participation in class that teachers demand for. The psychological reactions predominated over the physics and behaves. The most frequent strategies were : Assertive ability, the elaboration of a plan and execution of its tasks, the ventilation and confidences. There were significant differences among academic years and the components of the academic stress with a decrease in significance during the transit of the pupils in their career. The results obtained in the investigation gives utility of the Inventory SISCO in order to evaluate the academic stress in cuban universitary students.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Propiedades Psicométricas, Estrés Académico, Estudiantes Universitarios, Psicométrics Properties, Academic Stress, University Students