Estudios de procedimientos para la biotransformación de saponinas y sapogeninas esteroidales
Fecha
2021
Autores
Chávez Cámara, José Ramón
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Editor
Universidad Central ¨Marta Abreu¨ de Las Villas. Facultad de Química y Farmacia. Departamento de Licenciatura en Química
Resumen
La inflamación es una respuesta defensiva del organismo que forma parte del cuadro patológico de numerosas enfermedades. En búsqueda de alternativas para obtener fármacos con propiedades antiinflamatorias a partir de productos naturales, se han estudiado las saponinas esteroidales presentes en la planta Agave brittoniana Trel., que pueden ser transformadas a sapogeninas esteroidales por hidrólisis ácida. Actualmente se han desarrollado métodos para la evaluación de dicha actividad en estos compuestos como son los estudios QSAR e in vivo. Los resultados de estos estudios han reportado las potencialidades de la yucagenina y la diosgenina frente a esta actividad biológica. Una opción para la obtención de derivados con mejor actividad biológica es el empleo de técnicas de biotransformación mediante diferentes tipos de microorganismos, específicamente el uso de hongos. En el presente trabajo se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de encontrar vías para la transformación estructural de las saponinas y sapogeninas esteroidales. En conjunto con el Instituto de Biotecnología de las Plantas (IBP), se seleccionaron nueve cepas de hongos que fueron empleadas en las biotransformaciones del crudo de saponinas, los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron de forma cualitativa posibles biotransformaciones.
Inflammation is a defensive response of the body that is part of the pathological picture of many diseases. In search of alternatives to obtain drugs with anti-inflammatory properties from natural products, the steroidal saponins present in the Agave brittoniana Trel plant have been studied, which can be transformed into steroidal sapogenins by acid hydrolysis. Currently, methods have been developed for the evaluation of said activity in these compounds, such as QSAR and in vivo studies. The results of these studies have reported the potential of yucagenin and diosgenin against this biological activity. One option to obtain derivatives with better biological activity is the use of biotransformation techniques using different types of microorganisms, specifically the use of fungi. In the present work, a bibliographic review was carried out in order to find pathways for the structural transformation of steroidal saponins and sapogenins. In conjunction with the Institute of Plant Biotechnology (IBP), nine strains of fungi were selected that were used in the biotransformations of crude saponins; the results obtained qualitatively evidenced possible biotransformations.
Inflammation is a defensive response of the body that is part of the pathological picture of many diseases. In search of alternatives to obtain drugs with anti-inflammatory properties from natural products, the steroidal saponins present in the Agave brittoniana Trel plant have been studied, which can be transformed into steroidal sapogenins by acid hydrolysis. Currently, methods have been developed for the evaluation of said activity in these compounds, such as QSAR and in vivo studies. The results of these studies have reported the potential of yucagenin and diosgenin against this biological activity. One option to obtain derivatives with better biological activity is the use of biotransformation techniques using different types of microorganisms, specifically the use of fungi. In the present work, a bibliographic review was carried out in order to find pathways for the structural transformation of steroidal saponins and sapogenins. In conjunction with the Institute of Plant Biotechnology (IBP), nine strains of fungi were selected that were used in the biotransformations of crude saponins; the results obtained qualitatively evidenced possible biotransformations.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Productos Biológicos, Agave brittoniana Trel, Sapogeninas