Integración de los procesos de distribución y comercialización en una cadena productiva agrícola
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González Castellano, Lianet
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Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas
Resumen
La integración de todas las actividades a lo largo de una cadena productiva constituye una necesidad para la materialización de la cooperación entre las empresas y el alcance de la eficiencia que hoy día exige el estado cubano a partir de los lineamientos de la política económica y social del Partido y la Revolución. Actualmente, una de las mayores deficiencias que tiene la agricultura cubana es el acopio, la distribución y la comercialización de los productos, dado fundamentalmente por la ineficiente gestión integrada de recursos y capacidades, junto al inadecuado uso de los contratos como herramienta de coordinación. Es por ello que la presente investigación surge con el objetivo de definir vías que de acuerdo a las condiciones cubanas permitan integrar los procesos de distribución y comercialización en una cadena productiva agrícola. Para lograr esto, se propuso un procedimiento que a partir de investigaciones precedentes, debía caracterizarse por contribuir a la eficiente integración de recursos y capacidades de acuerdo a las condiciones cubanas, analizar el comportamiento de parámetros e indicadores de coordinación entre procesos y contener un marcado carácter participativo, logrando la participación conjunta de todos los actores implicados en la cadena objeto de estudio. La aplicación del mismo se realizó en la cadena productiva del tomate en el municipio Camajuaní, obteniéndose como resultados la identificación de las actividades críticas que tienen lugar dentro de la misma, así como el comportamiento de los diferentes parámetros e indicadores calculados, lográndose finalmente, a partir de la solución propuesta, el aumento del nivel de integración entre los procesos de distribución y comercialización analizados.
Palabras claves: cadena productiva, distribución, comercialización, integración, parámetros, indicadores de eficiencia y eficacia.
The integration of all activities along a value chain is a necessity for the realization of cooperation between companies and scope of efficiency that nowadays it demands the Cuban state starting from the limits of the economic and social politics of the Party and the Revolution. Currently, one of the major deficiencies that have Cuban agriculture is the collection, distribution and marketing of products, mainly given by inefficient integrated resources and capabilities by the inappropriate use of contracts as a tool for management coordination. That is why this research arises in order to define pathways according to Cuban conditions to integrate the processes of distribution and marketing in an agricultural production chain. To achieve this, a procedure from previous investigations, was characterized by contributing to the efficient integration of resources and capabilities according to Cuban conditions, analyzing the behavior of parameters and indicators of coordination between processes and contain a distinct character set participatory, making the joint participation of all stakeholders in the chain under study. Its application was made in the production chain in the city Camajuaní tomato, obtaining as results the identification of critical activities that take place within it, and the behavior of the different parameters and indicators calculated, finally achieving at from the proposed solution, increasing the level of integration between distribution and marketing processes analyzed. Keywords: supply chain, distribution, marketing, integration, parameters, indicators of efficiency and effectiveness.
The integration of all activities along a value chain is a necessity for the realization of cooperation between companies and scope of efficiency that nowadays it demands the Cuban state starting from the limits of the economic and social politics of the Party and the Revolution. Currently, one of the major deficiencies that have Cuban agriculture is the collection, distribution and marketing of products, mainly given by inefficient integrated resources and capabilities by the inappropriate use of contracts as a tool for management coordination. That is why this research arises in order to define pathways according to Cuban conditions to integrate the processes of distribution and marketing in an agricultural production chain. To achieve this, a procedure from previous investigations, was characterized by contributing to the efficient integration of resources and capabilities according to Cuban conditions, analyzing the behavior of parameters and indicators of coordination between processes and contain a distinct character set participatory, making the joint participation of all stakeholders in the chain under study. Its application was made in the production chain in the city Camajuaní tomato, obtaining as results the identification of critical activities that take place within it, and the behavior of the different parameters and indicators calculated, finally achieving at from the proposed solution, increasing the level of integration between distribution and marketing processes analyzed. Keywords: supply chain, distribution, marketing, integration, parameters, indicators of efficiency and effectiveness.