Modelación de la compactación ocasionada por el complejo tecnológico cosecha-transporte en vertisoles de la provincia Las Tunas
Fecha
2018-12-11
Autores
Torres Almanza, Enrique
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Editor
Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas.Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias.Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola
Resumen
El presente trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de predecir la compactación que provoca sobre el suelo el complejo tecnológico cosecha transporte, en los Vertisoles cañeros en condiciones de alta humedad. Se tomó como base la UBPC Velasco 20, perteneciente a la UEB Atención a Productores Agropecuarios “Antonio Guiteras, ubicada en el municipio Puerto Padre, en el norte de la geografía tunera. El complejo tecnológico utilizado para los cálculos está compuesto por la cosechadora de caña CASE IH 8800, los tractores YTO 1604 y Belarus 1523, así como el autobasculante RA-10T.Se utilizó el módulo presión de carga y vulnerabilidad del suelo del modelo TASC V3.0.xlsm que permite valorar la reacción del suelo ante diferentes presiones de cargas de las máquinas y su efecto sobre el suelo. Los datos fundamentales utilizados fueron: tipo de neumático/oruga; estructura del neumático; ancho del neumático/oruga; diámetro del neumático y largo de la oruga; carga a la rueda/oruga; la presión de inflado y la consistencia de la superficie del suelo. Los principales resultados obtenidos fueron la superficie de contacto, la presión de contacto, el riesgo de compresión severa y la profundidad a la que puede producirse. También se determinó que el suelo es más vulnerable bajo los neumáticos que bajo las orugas aunque en las condiciones estudiadas todas las cargas representan riesgo de compactación severa.
The present work was carried out with the objective of predicting the compaction caused by the technological complex harvesting on the soil in the vertisols cane in conditions of high humidity. The UBPC Velasco 20, belonging to the UEB Attention to Agricultural Producers "Antonio Guiteras”, located in the municipality of Puerto Padre, in the north of the province of Las Tunas, was taken as a base. The technological complex used for the calculations is composed of the CASE IH 8800 cane harvester, the YTO 1604 and Belarus 1523 tractors, as well as the RA-10T autobait. The load pressure and soil vulnerability module of the TASC model V3.0.xlsm was used, which allows to assess the reaction of the soil to different pressure loads of the machines and their effect on the soil. The fundamental data used were: type of tire/caterpillar; tire structure; width of tire/track; tire diameter and length of the track; load to the wheel/caterpillar; the inflation pressure and the consistency of the soil surface. The main results obtained were the contact surface, the contact pressure, the risk of severe compression and the depth at which it can occur. It was also determined that the soil is more vulnerable under the tires than under the caterpillars although in the conditions studied all the loads represent a risk of severe compaction.
The present work was carried out with the objective of predicting the compaction caused by the technological complex harvesting on the soil in the vertisols cane in conditions of high humidity. The UBPC Velasco 20, belonging to the UEB Attention to Agricultural Producers "Antonio Guiteras”, located in the municipality of Puerto Padre, in the north of the province of Las Tunas, was taken as a base. The technological complex used for the calculations is composed of the CASE IH 8800 cane harvester, the YTO 1604 and Belarus 1523 tractors, as well as the RA-10T autobait. The load pressure and soil vulnerability module of the TASC model V3.0.xlsm was used, which allows to assess the reaction of the soil to different pressure loads of the machines and their effect on the soil. The fundamental data used were: type of tire/caterpillar; tire structure; width of tire/track; tire diameter and length of the track; load to the wheel/caterpillar; the inflation pressure and the consistency of the soil surface. The main results obtained were the contact surface, the contact pressure, the risk of severe compression and the depth at which it can occur. It was also determined that the soil is more vulnerable under the tires than under the caterpillars although in the conditions studied all the loads represent a risk of severe compaction.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Compactación del Suelo, Vertisoles, Caña de Azúcar