Efecto alelopático de Terminalia catappa L. sobre Meloidogyne incognita en condiciones in vitro
Fecha
2019-07
Autores
Jauregui Rodriguez, Daily
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Editor
Universidad Central ¨Marta Abreu¨ de Las Villas
Resumen
Meloidogyne incognita es una de las especies de nematodos que afectan a la mayoría de los cultivos. En nuestro país, ha tenido un gran impacto en la producción protegida y semiprotegida. El uso de extractos vegetales con efecto alelopático sobre estos agentes fitopatógenos puede contribuir a una estrategia de manejo integrado para controlarlos eficazmente. El experimento se realizó en el período comprendido entre septiembre del 2018 a mayo del 2019. Tuvo el objetivo de determinar las concentraciones de fenoles, flavonoides y taninos presentes en hojas de Almendro de la india de diferentes edades y colectadas en varios meses del año sobre la sobrevivencia de M. incognita. Los resultados indican que existe una dependencia del contenido de metabolitos secundarios en relación con el tipo de hoja. Según su edad en las hojas jóvenes se presentan momentos de mayor riqueza de flavonoides mientras que los taninos permanecen elevados en las adultas. Las condiciones climáticas inciden en la producción de metabolitos secundarios. El contenido de fenoles no presentó una relación clara con las variaciones ambientales. De forma similar se evidenció en la cuantificación de flavonoides. Las concentraciones de taninos presentaron cierta distribución en función de los meses de sequía y bajas temperaturas. Entre los tres tipos de hojas no se presentaron diferencias respecto a la mortalidad del nematodo. La mejor concentración fue la del 100% debido a que induce la muerte de mayor cantidad de nematodos, el resto de las concentraciones lo hace en el rango de 50% a 60%.
Meloidogyne incognita is one of the nematode species that affect most crops. In our country, it has had a great impact on protected and semi-protected production.The use of plant extracts with allelopathic effect on these phytopathogenic agents can contribute to an integrated management strategy to control them effectively.The experiment was carried out in the period from September 2018 to May 2019.It aimed to determine the concentrations of phenols, flavonoids and tannins present in indian Almond leaves of different ages and collected in several months of the year on the survival of M. incognita.The results indicate that there is a dependence on the content of secondary metabolites in relation to the type of leaf. According to their age in the young leaves there are moments of greater richness of flavonoids while the tannins remain elevated in the adults.Climatic conditions affect the production of secondary metabolites. The content of phenols did not show a clear relationship with environmental variations.In a similar way, it was evidenced in the quantification of flavonoids. The concentrations of tannins showed some distribution depending on the months of drought and low temperatures.Among the three leaf types, there were no differences with respect to nematode mortality.The best concentration was 100% because it induces the death of more nematodes, the rest of the concentrations do it in the range of 50% to 60%.
Meloidogyne incognita is one of the nematode species that affect most crops. In our country, it has had a great impact on protected and semi-protected production.The use of plant extracts with allelopathic effect on these phytopathogenic agents can contribute to an integrated management strategy to control them effectively.The experiment was carried out in the period from September 2018 to May 2019.It aimed to determine the concentrations of phenols, flavonoids and tannins present in indian Almond leaves of different ages and collected in several months of the year on the survival of M. incognita.The results indicate that there is a dependence on the content of secondary metabolites in relation to the type of leaf. According to their age in the young leaves there are moments of greater richness of flavonoids while the tannins remain elevated in the adults.Climatic conditions affect the production of secondary metabolites. The content of phenols did not show a clear relationship with environmental variations.In a similar way, it was evidenced in the quantification of flavonoids. The concentrations of tannins showed some distribution depending on the months of drought and low temperatures.Among the three leaf types, there were no differences with respect to nematode mortality.The best concentration was 100% because it induces the death of more nematodes, the rest of the concentrations do it in the range of 50% to 60%.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Extractos Vegetales, Cultivo Protegido