Nueva zona de desarrollo en el reparto José Martí. Utopía de lo posible
Fecha
2019-06
Autores
Rojo Pérez, Chabelis,
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Editor
Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de las Villas
Resumen
Como resultado del aumento de la demanda habitacional, el estado cubano lleva a cabo
la construcción de nuevas zonas residenciales de edificios multifamiliares en las afueras
de la ciudad, como es el caso del reparto José Martí. Este tipo de urbanizaciones carecen
de un diseño urbano y arquitectónico coherente, en el que los espacios libres quedan
indefinidos y estrechamente ligados a diferentes formas de apropiación, perdiendo en la
mayoría de los casos su esencia.
El presente trabajo surge de la necesidad de llevar a cabo una propuesta de diseño
urbano arquitectónico para una zona de nuevo desarrollo en el reparto José Martí,
propuesta que presenta requerimientos especiales debido a la topografía irregular
presente en el área. En él se abordan conceptos y definiciones básicas relacionados con
el tema, se analizan referentes nacionales e internacionales y se hace un estudio
detallado de las regulaciones urbanas y normas cubanas aplicables al proyecto.
Se exponen además las premisas y variantes de diseño resultantes de un exhaustivo
análisis realizado al espacio objeto de estudio, en el que quedan definidas las
insuficiencias básicas presentes en el área, así como las vulnerabilidades y riesgos
existentes.
Se hace referencia también a los criterios de diseños y líneas de deseo definidas en los
diferentes subsistemas y a los índices utilizados para el desarrollo de esta nueva
urbanización. De igual manera se muestran las diferentes etapas por las que atravesó la
propuesta hasta llegar a la solución definitiva, que se presenta en diferentes planos que
abarcan desde el plan general hasta la propuesta de espacios libres.
As a result of the increase in housing demand, the Cuban state carries out the construction of new residential areas of multifamily buildings on the outskirts of the city, as is the case of the José Martí distribution. This type of urbanization lacks a coherent urban and architectural design, in which open spaces remain undefined and closely linked to different forms of appropriation, losing in most cases their essence. The present work arises from the need to carry out an urban architectural design proposal for a new development area in the José Martí district, a proposal that presents special requirements due to the irregular topography present in the area. It deals with basic concepts and definitions related to the subject, analyzes national and international references and makes a detailed study of the urban regulations and Cuban regulations applicable to the project. The premises and design variants resulting from an exhaustive analysis carried out in the space under study are also exposed, in which the basic deficiencies present in the area are defined, as well as the existing vulnerabilities and risks. Reference is also made to the design criteria and desire lines defined in the different subsystems and to the indices used for the development of this new urbanization. Likewise, the different stages through which the proposal went through are shown until reaching the final solution, which is presented in different planes that range from the general plan to the proposal of free spaces.
As a result of the increase in housing demand, the Cuban state carries out the construction of new residential areas of multifamily buildings on the outskirts of the city, as is the case of the José Martí distribution. This type of urbanization lacks a coherent urban and architectural design, in which open spaces remain undefined and closely linked to different forms of appropriation, losing in most cases their essence. The present work arises from the need to carry out an urban architectural design proposal for a new development area in the José Martí district, a proposal that presents special requirements due to the irregular topography present in the area. It deals with basic concepts and definitions related to the subject, analyzes national and international references and makes a detailed study of the urban regulations and Cuban regulations applicable to the project. The premises and design variants resulting from an exhaustive analysis carried out in the space under study are also exposed, in which the basic deficiencies present in the area are defined, as well as the existing vulnerabilities and risks. Reference is also made to the design criteria and desire lines defined in the different subsystems and to the indices used for the development of this new urbanization. Likewise, the different stages through which the proposal went through are shown until reaching the final solution, which is presented in different planes that range from the general plan to the proposal of free spaces.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Diseño urbano, Urbanización, Espacios libres, Urban Design, Urbanization