Bases para el diseño de viviendas transitorias post desastres para las condiciones cubanas
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Gómez Jimeránez, Miguel Alejandro
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Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas. Facultad de Construcciones. Departamento de Arquitectura
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Las soluciones al alojamiento post-desastre implementadas en Cuba han carecido de
las propiedades suficientes para soportar la rehabilitación del hábitat. Estructuras previstas para un limitado período de explotación que, ante la eventual crisis habitacional, tienden a ser ocupadas indefinidamente, a expensas de la posible degradación de sus capacidades reparadoras y condiciones de habitabilidad. El presente trabajo de diploma propone un acercamiento a estrategias transitorias desde perspectivas resilientes, en detrimento de inconvenientes repuestas asistencialistas, recursos provisionales o modelos temporales. La investigación se fundamenta en tres capítulos. En primera instancia se recogen los términos y conceptos fundamentales en cuanto a prácticas habituales de alojamiento post-desastre y se definen los principios que han de regir el diseño y construcción de las viviendas transitorias, como solución idónea ante las condiciones cubanas. En el segundo capítulo se estructuran y establecen las bases para el diseño, en correspondencia con las conclusiones
del marco teórico, las que se validan en el tercer apartado a través de la propuesta de un proyecto demostrativo.
The solutions to accommodation post-disaster implemented in Cuba have lacked the properties enough to support the rehabilitation of the habitat. Structures prepared for to a limited period of exploitation than, in front of the eventual habitational crisis, they tend to be occupied indefinitely, at the expense of the possible degradation of his reparative capabilities and conditions of habitability. The present diploma work proposes an approach to transitional strategies from resilient perspectives, in prejudice of the inconvenient helping programs, provisional resources or temporary models. Investigation is based on three chapters. In the first chapter is collected the fundamentals terms and concepts as to habitual practices of post-disaster sheltering and define the principles that have to rule the design and construction of the transitional houses, like suitable solution in the presence of the Cuban conditions. In the second chapter are elaborated the design bases according to the theoretical investigation conclusions. Finally, in chapter three, this bases are applied in a demonstrative project.
The solutions to accommodation post-disaster implemented in Cuba have lacked the properties enough to support the rehabilitation of the habitat. Structures prepared for to a limited period of exploitation than, in front of the eventual habitational crisis, they tend to be occupied indefinitely, at the expense of the possible degradation of his reparative capabilities and conditions of habitability. The present diploma work proposes an approach to transitional strategies from resilient perspectives, in prejudice of the inconvenient helping programs, provisional resources or temporary models. Investigation is based on three chapters. In the first chapter is collected the fundamentals terms and concepts as to habitual practices of post-disaster sheltering and define the principles that have to rule the design and construction of the transitional houses, like suitable solution in the presence of the Cuban conditions. In the second chapter are elaborated the design bases according to the theoretical investigation conclusions. Finally, in chapter three, this bases are applied in a demonstrative project.